Genetic Discontinuity Between Local Hunter-Gatherers and Central Europe's First Farmers
Genetic Discontinuity Between Local Hunter-Gatherers and Central Europe's First Farmers
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DOI：
10.1126/science.1176869
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发表时间：
2009-10-02
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Burger, J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bramanti, B.;Thomas, M. G.;Burger, J.
大约11,000年前，近东地区的动物和农作物被驯化，农业在7500年前就已经到达了中欧的大部分地区。这些早期的欧洲农民在多大程度上是移民，或者是当地狩猎采集者的后代，他们采用了农业，这一点一直受到广泛的争论。我们比较了新的线粒体DNA（mtDNA）序列，从晚期欧洲狩猎采集者的骨骼与早期农民和现代欧洲人。我们发现所有三个群体之间存在巨大的遗传差异，不能仅用人口连续性来解释。大多数（82%）古代狩猎采集者的mtDNA类型在今天的中欧人中相对罕见。总之，这些分析提供了有说服力的证据，证明第一批农民不是当地狩猎采集者的后代，而是在新石器时代开始时移民到中欧的。
After the domestication of animals and crops in the Near East some 11,000 years ago, farming had reached much of central Europe by 7500 years before the present. The extent to which these early European farmers were immigrants or descendants of resident hunter-gatherers who had adopted farming has been widely debated. We compared new mitochondrial DNA ( mtDNA) sequences from late European hunter-gatherer skeletons with those from early farmers and from modern Europeans. We find large genetic differences between all three groups that cannot be explained by population continuity alone. Most (82%) of the ancient hunter-gatherers share mtDNA types that are relatively rare in central Europeans today. Together, these analyses provide persuasive evidence that the first farmers were not the descendants of local hunter-gatherers but immigrated into central Europe at the onset of the Neolithic.