Treatment enhances the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes in the wastewater of Sri Lanka, and India
Treatment enhances the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes in the wastewater of Sri Lanka, and India
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DOI：
10.1016/j.gsd.2020.100400
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发表时间：
2020-04-01
影响因子：
8.3
通讯作者：
Chaminda, Tushara
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kumar, Manish;Ram, Bhagwana;Chaminda, Tushara
污水处理厂(WWTP)被认为是病原微生物群落抗生素耐药性发展的热点。我们观察了斯里兰卡西部和南部两个市政污水处理厂和一个医院污水处理厂的抗生素耐药细菌(ARB)、抗生素耐药基因(ARG)和多药耐药(MDR)的流行情况，并将结果进行了比较，特别参考了印度和世界情景，以追踪ARB和ARG的治疗印记。结果表明，尽管废水处理使所有污水处理厂的大肠埃希菌减少率均高于1.06，但从进水到出水，对大多数抗生素的耐药率都在增加。由于患者使用和排泄的抗生素浓度较高，医院污水处理厂ARB、ARG和MDR的患病率较高。关于印度，斯里兰卡的污水处理厂在治疗后表现出更多的ARB和持续增加的百分比，但对氟喹诺酮(FQ)的抗药性较低。从两国每个地点分离的大肠杆菌菌株都显示出多药耐药性，治疗后耐药性有所增加，并与每个污水处理厂的FQ密切相关。氟喹诺酮(FQ)(aac(6‘)-1b-cr、qnrB、qnrS)、β-内酰胺类(AmpC)和磺胺类(Sul1)耐药基因在所有废水中都很常见，但斯里兰卡医院污水中的parc基因除外，这意味着对喹诺酮类药物，特别是对环丙沙星的耐药性更高。多元统计处理表明，废水显示出较高的MDR/ARB负荷和关联性，在处理过程中，pH变化和与金属更广泛的相互作用似乎有深远的影响。
Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are being debated for being the hot spots for the development of antibiotic resistance in pathogenic microbial communities. We observed the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB), antibiotic resistance genes (ARG), and multidrug resistance (MDR) in two municipal WWTPs and one hospital WWTP in Western and Southern Sri Lanka, and compared the results with particular reference to Indian and the World scenario to trace the imprints of treatment on ARB and ARG. Result suggests that although wastewater treatment resulted in higher than 1.06 log Escherichia coli (E. coli) reduction at all WWTPs, yet the percent of E. coli resistant to most of the antibiotics increased from influent to effluent. Higher prevalence of ARB, ARG, and MDR were noted in hospital WWTP owing to the higher antibiotic concentrations used and excreted by the patients. With reference to India, the WWTPs in Sri Lanka showed more ARB and a consistent increase in its percentages after the treatment but were less resistant to Fluoroquinolone (FQ). E. coli strains isolated from each location of both countries showed multidrug resistance, which has increased after the treatment and was strongly correlated with FQ in every WWTP. Resistant genes for Fluoroquinolone (FQ) (aac(6')-1b-cr, qnrB, qnrS), beta-lactams (ampC), and sulphonamides (sul1) were common in all the wastewaters except additional parC gene in the hospital effluent of Sri Lanka, implying much higher resistance for quinolones, especially for Ciprofloxacin. Multivariate statistical treatments suggest that effluent showed higher loadings and association for MDR/ARB, where pH change and more extensive interaction with metals during the treatment processes seem to have profound effects.