Zebu Cattle Are an Exclusive Legacy of the South Asia Neolithic
Zebu Cattle Are an Exclusive Legacy of the South Asia Neolithic
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DOI：
10.1093/molbev/msp213
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发表时间：
2010-01-01
影响因子：
10.7
通讯作者：
Beja-Pereira, Albano
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Shanyuan;Lin, Bang-Zhong;Beja-Pereira, Albano
动物驯化是人类史前史上的一个重大进步，促进了更复杂社会的出现。在新石器时代的过渡时期，瘤牛（Bos indicus）可能是南亚最丰富和最重要的家畜物种。虽然考古学证据指向在印度次大陆内驯养了瘤牛，但瘤牛的确切地理起源和系统发育历史仍然不确定。在这里，我们报告的证据来自844个斑马鱼线粒体DNA（mtDNA）序列调查19个亚洲国家，包括8个区域组，确定2个不同的线粒体单倍型群，称为I1和I2。印度次大陆北方地区I1和I2单倍型群核苷酸多样性的显著增加（P < 0.001）与该地区所有家用瘤牛的起源一致。对于单倍群I1，遗传多样性是最高的三个假设的驯化中心（印度河流域，恒河，印度南部）的印度河流域内。这些数据支持印度河流域作为I1单倍群最有可能的起源中心和一个主要的中心？然而，对于I2单倍群，检测到一个复杂的多样性模式，防止明确的精确定位的确切来源地为这瘤牛母系血统。我们的研究结果进行了讨论，在印度次大陆的考古记录？
Animal domestication was a major step forward in human prehistory, contributing to the emergence of more complex societies. At the time of the Neolithic transition, zebu cattle (Bos indicus) were probably the most abundant and important domestic livestock species in Southern Asia. Although archaeological evidence points toward the domestication of zebu cattle within the Indian subcontinent, the exact geographic origins and phylogenetic history of zebu cattle remains uncertain. Here, we report evidence from 844 zebu mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences surveyed from 19 Asiatic countries comprising 8 regional groups, which identify 2 distinct mitochondrial haplogroups, termed I1 and I2. The marked increase in nucleotide diversity (P < 0.001) for both the I1 and I2 haplogroups within the northern part of the Indian subcontinent is consistent with an origin for all domestic zebu in this area. For haplogroup I1, genetic diversity was highest within the Indus Valley among the three hypothesized domestication centers (Indus Valley, Ganges, and South India). These data support the Indus Valley as the most likely center of origin for the I1 haplogroup and a primary center of zebu domestication. However, for the I2 haplogroup, a complex pattern of diversity is detected, preventing the unambiguous pinpointing of the exact place of origin for this zebu maternal lineage. Our findings are discussed with respect to the archaeological record for zebu domestication within the Indian subcontinent.