Micro-computed tomography of the lungs and pulmonary-vascular system.
Micro-computed tomography of the lungs and pulmonary-vascular system.
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DOI：
10.1513/pats.200508-080ds
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发表时间：
2005-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ritman, Erik L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ritman, Erik L
完整肺及其脉管系统的三维成像是必不可少的，如果其结构和功能的层次和体积方面进行定量。虽然这是可能的临床多层螺旋CT扫描仪，空间分辨率不按比例缩小足够的小啮齿动物的立方体体素尺寸为50-100微米的要求。微型计算机断层扫描（micro-CT）提供了完整胸腔内容物的3D图像的必要空间分辨率。Micro-CT可以提供更高的分辨率，以便可以单独可视化和定量基本的微结构结构，例如肺泡。通过协调扫描序列（即，门控）到一系列周期的周期相位。微CT图像数据与诸如微SPECT或组织学的其他图像数据的融合可以增强微CT提供的主要结构信息之外的信息内容。常规的基于衰减的X射线成像可能涉及高空间分辨率下的显著X射线暴露，并且这可能影响表型（例如，通过间质纤维化）和基因型（例如，通过突变），因此其在使用微CT的纵向研究中的使用在某些情况下可能受到限制。然而，由于最近的发展，其中的相移或折射的X射线，而不是衰减使用，X射线曝光可能会显着减少。
Three-dimensional imaging of the intact lung and its vasculature is essential if the hierarchical and volumetric aspects of its structures and functions are to be quantitated. Although this is possible with clinical multislice helical CT scanners, the spatial resolution does not scale down adequately for small rodents for which cubic voxel dimensions of 50-100 microm are required. Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) provides the necessary spatial resolution of 3D images of the intact thoracic contents. Micro-CT can provide higher resolution so that basic micro-architectural structures, such as alveoli, can be individually visualized and quantitated. Dynamic events, such as the respiratory and cardiac cycles, can be imaged at multiple time points throughout a representative cycle by coordinating the scan sequence (i.e., gating) to the cycle phase of a sequence of cycles. Fusion of the micro-CT image data with other image data, such as micro-SPECT or histology, can enhance the information content beyond the mainly structural information provided by micro-CT. Conventional attenuation-based X-ray imaging can involve significant X-ray exposures at high spatial resolutions, and this could affect the phenotype (e.g., via interstitial fibrosis) and genotype (e.g., via mutation), so its use in longitudinal studies using micro-CT may be limited in some cases. However, because of recent developments in which the phase shift or refraction of X-rays rather than attenuation is used, the X-ray exposure may be significantly reduced.