Monitoring scaling in nanofiltration and reverse osmosis membrane systems
Monitoring scaling in nanofiltration and reverse osmosis membrane systems
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DOI：
10.1016/s0011-9164(00)00139-9
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发表时间：
2000-12
期刊：
影响因子：
9.9
通讯作者：
C. V. D. Lisdonk;J. V. Paassen;J. Schippers
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. V. D. Lisdonk;J. V. Paassen;J. Schippers
在纳滤和反渗透膜系统中，75-90%的给水转化为产品，因此溶解的盐被浓缩在膜浓缩物中。随后，少量可溶的无机化合物如碳酸钙和硫酸钡变得过饱和，并可能在膜元件中沉淀（结垢）。结垢导致能源消耗和化学清洗频率的增加。从经济和环境的角度来看，这是不可取的，因此有必要及早发现结垢。为了在早期阶段检测结垢，已经开发并测试了一个结垢监视器。名为ScaleGuard®的结垢监测器测量由全规模工厂的一部分浓缩物馈送的小膜元件的归一化通量。这种结垢监测仪在一个处理厌氧地下水用于生产饮用水的中试工厂进行了测试。在中试工厂的最后阶段，该监视器证明能够在结垢发生之前检测到结垢。
In nanofiltration and reverse osmosis membrane systems 75–90% of the feed water is conversed to product, and as a consequence dissolved salts are concentrated in the membrane concentrate. Subsequently, sparingly soluble inorganic compounds such as calcium carbonate and barium sulphate become supersaturated and may precipitate in a membrane element (scaling). Scaling leads to an increase in energy consumption and chemical cleaning frequency. From an economic and environmental point of view this is not desired and early detection of scaling is therefore necessary. With the aim to detect scaling in an early stage a scaling monitor has been developed and tested. The scaling monitor, named ScaleGuard®, measures the normalised flux of a small membrane element fed by a part of the concentrate of the full-scale plant. This scaling monitor was tested at a pilot plant treating anaerobic groundwater for the production of drinking water. The monitor demonstrated to be able to detect scaling before it took place in the last stage of the pilot plant.