New developments in particle-based immunoassays: Introduction
New developments in particle-based immunoassays: Introduction
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DOI：
10.1351/pac199668101873
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发表时间：
1996-10-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Bangs, LB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bangs, LB
自 20 世纪 50 年代末白色乳胶颗粒或微球首次作为“乳胶”凝集试验 (LAT) 用于医疗诊断应用以来，诊断领域出现了许多创新。这些创新包括允许多价（或同时）分析的有色颗粒，以及用于简化测试执行和结果解释的特殊设备。过滤器上捕获的染色凝集颗粒构成了另一类测试的基础。敏感颗粒增强浊度测定法很常用，并通过分光光度法或比浊法用临床化学分析仪读取。粒子捕获 ELISA 测试和测定很常用。流行的新型妊娠、排卵、尿液中药物滥用测试以及许多其他测试都使用染色微球（有些使用两种类型的微球）。固相测定和测试使用颗粒作为固相来捕获各种分析物的阳性或阴性。固液分离可以通过离心密度分离、过滤或通过超顺磁性颗粒的磁力分离来进行。现在可以在流式细胞仪中进行单微球（也许是单分子敏感性？）测定。
There have been many innovations in diagnostics since white latex particles or microspheres were first used in medical diagnostic applications as ''latex'' agglutination tests (LAT) in the late 1950's. These innovations include colored particles permitting multivalent (or simultaneous) analyses, and special devices for simplifying test execution and result interpretation. Dyed agglutinated particles caught on filters form the basis of another class of tests. Sensitive particle-enhanced turbidimetric assays are in common use and are read with clinical chemistry analyzers via spectrophotometric or nephelometric methods. Particle capture ELISA tests and assays are in common use. The popular new strip tests for pregnancy, ovulation, drugs of abuse in urine, and many other tests all use dyed microspheres (and some use two types of microspheres). Solid phase assays and tests use particles as a solid phase for positive or negative capture of a wide variety of analytes. Solid-liquid separations can be made by centrifugal density separation, or filtration, or via magnetic separation of superparamagnetic particles. Single microsphere (and perhaps single molecule sensitivity?) assays are now possible in flow cytometers.