A new Magneto-Inductive tracking technique to uncover subterranean activity: what do animals do underground?
A new Magneto-Inductive tracking technique to uncover subterranean activity: what do animals do underground?
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DOI：
10.1111/2041-210x.12348
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发表时间：
2015-05-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Macdonald, David W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Noonan, Michael J.;Markham, Andrew;Macdonald, David W.
尽管地下生态区的重要性，地下运动和行为的知识一直非常有限。先前的技术依赖于具有非常低的空间或时间分辨率的技术，例如VHF遥测。相当不协调的是，因此，相对简单的地下活动制度往往被认为是不够的重视洞穴使用的生态重要性。我们测试磁感应（MI）跟踪的能力，记录在欧洲獾集在2周内的地下运动在2月。这些数据使我们能够：量化地下运动;推断三维洞穴结构;同时跟踪多个个体;并建立特定运动模式的功能;展示该技术的实用性。对比使用MI跟踪生成的数据，对VHF跟踪实现的分辨率，我们建立采样频率如何影响运动的感知。每分钟进行20次定位，MI项圈在机载电池失效前运行了1年，导致每个项圈部署平均产生50亿个数据点。从社会生态学的角度来看，我们发现獾不是整夜连续觅食，而是平均每3- 4小时返回一次，平均22次。从洞穴映射，獾倾向于使用周边室c。45分钟，这些回访。这些外围的房间在白天使用较少，当獾选择更深的房间时，这表明每种房间类型都有不同的功能。这项技术还表明，獾表现出更大程度的地下运动比揭示了以前的技术，通过比较，捕获
Despite the importance of the subterranean ecotope, knowledge of underground movement and behaviour has been extremely limited. Previous technologies have relied upon techniques with very low spatial or temporal resolution, such as VHF telemetry. Rather incongruously, therefore, relatively simple underground activity regimes have often been assumed, with insufficient attention to the ecological importance of burrow use. We test the capability of Magneto-Inductive (MI) tracking, recording underground movement within a European badger sett over a 2week period in February. These data allowed us to: quantify subterranean movement; extrapolate the three-dimensional burrow architecture; simultaneously track multiple individuals; and establish the function of specific movement patterns; demonstrating the technique's utility. Contrasting data generated using MI tracking, against the resolution achievable with VHF tracking, we establish how sampling frequency can influence the perception of movement. Taking 20 locational fixes per minute, MI collars operated for 1year before on-board batteries failed, resulting in an average five billion data points per collar deployment. Socio-ecologically we found that rather than foraging continuously throughout the night, badgers returned to the sett an average of 22 times, approximately every 3-4h. From burrow mapping, badgers tended to use peripheral chambers for c. 45min on these return visits. These outlying chambers were used less by day, when badgers selected deeper chambers, suggesting each chamber type fulfils a different function. This technology also exposed that badgers exhibited a far greater extent of underground movement than revealed by former technologies, which by comparison captured