Golgi structure formation, function, and post-translational modifications in mammalian cells.
Golgi structure formation, function, and post-translational modifications in mammalian cells.
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DOI：
10.12688/f1000research.11900.1
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Wang Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Huang S;Wang Y
高尔基体是细胞中蛋白质和脂质的运输和翻译后修饰的中心膜细胞器。在哺乳动物细胞中，它以紧密排列的扁平池堆叠的形式组织，并且数十个堆叠通常横向连接成位于细胞核周区域的带状结构。适当的高尔基体功能需要完整的结构，但高尔基体结构在细胞周期和疾病条件下是动态调节的。在这篇综述中，我们总结了目前对高尔基体结构形成、功能和调节之间关系的理解，重点关注包括磷酸化和泛素化在内的翻译后修饰如何调节高尔基体结构，以及高尔基体解堆如何影响其功能，特别是哺乳动物细胞中的蛋白质运输、糖基化和分选。
The Golgi apparatus is a central membrane organelle for trafficking and post-translational modifications of proteins and lipids in cells. In mammalian cells, it is organized in the form of stacks of tightly aligned flattened cisternae, and dozens of stacks are often linked laterally into a ribbon-like structure located in the perinuclear region of the cell. Proper Golgi functionality requires an intact architecture, yet Golgi structure is dynamically regulated during the cell cycle and under disease conditions. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of the relationship between Golgi structure formation, function, and regulation, with focus on how post-translational modifications including phosphorylation and ubiquitination regulate Golgi structure and on how Golgi unstacking affects its functions, in particular, protein trafficking, glycosylation, and sorting in mammalian cells.