A review of environmental characteristics and effects of low-molecular weight organic acids in the surface ecosystem
A review of environmental characteristics and effects of low-molecular weight organic acids in the surface ecosystem
复制标题
地表生态系统低分子有机酸的环境特征及影响研究进展
DOI：
10.1016/s1001-0742(13)60570-7
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Wu Fengchang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xiao Min;Wu Fengchang
低分子量有机酸（LMWOAs）在地球表面上是普遍存在的。它们是有机物代谢途径中重要的中间产物，参与生命活动中的三羧酸循环。光化学反应是LMWOAs起源的关键，在决定其多样性和最终命运方面发挥着重要作用。沉积物中有机质在长期保存过程中会发生分解转化，释放出有机、无机污染物和C、N、P营养盐，对湖泊水体造成二次污染，具有潜在的生态风险。沉积物库是一个与上覆水通过各种生化过程密切相关的综合复杂的沉积物空间，低分子有机酸在沉积物中起着重要的迁移转化作用。本文以天然水体、土壤和气溶胶为例，详细阐述了低分子量有机酸在地表环境中的地球化学行为，重点综述了低分子量有机酸的来源与特征、迁移与成矿作用及其环境效应等方面的研究进展。同时，本文综述了低分子量有机酸的种类、含量及其对环境介质中DOC的贡献，并评价了其在有机质早期成岩作用中的重要性。通过总结和讨论湖泊生态系统中低分子量有机物的转化机制和影响因素，确定了今后的研究方向，主要是与水化学参数和微生物的关系，以及与污染物的相互作用。这将丰富有机物降解及其环境效应的知识，有助于重建有机物演替及其影响因素的理论框架，为湖泊富营养化和生态风险评价提供基础数据，有利于更好地控制水污染和正确的水质管理。
Low molecular weight organic acids (LMWOAs) are prevalent on the earth's surface. They are vital intermediate products during metabolic pathways of organic matter and participate in the tricarboxylic acid cycle during life activities. Photochemical reactions are pivotal for LMWOAs' origination and play a large role in determining their diversity and their ultimate fate. Within the long time that organic matter is preserved in sediments, it can be decomposed and converted to release organic and inorganic pollutants as well as C, N, and P nutrients, which are of potential ecological risk in causing secondary pollution to lake water. The sediment pool is a comprehensive and complex compartment closely associated with overlying water by various biochemical processes, during which LMWOAs play critical roles to transport and transform elements. This article elucidates geochemical behaviors of LMWOAs in the surface environment in details, taking natural water, soil, and aerosol as examples, focusing on reviewing research developments on sources and characteristics, migration and mineralization of LMWOAs and relevant environmental effects. Simultaneously, this review article depicts the categories and contents of LMWOAs or their contribution to DOC in environmental media, and evaluates their importance during organic matter early diagenesis. Through concluding and discussing the conversion mechanisms and influencing factors, the next research orientations on LMWOAs in lake ecosystems are determined, mainly concerning relationships with hydrochemical parameters and microorganisms, and interactions with pollutants. This will enrich the knowledge on organic matter degradation and related environmental effects, and help reconstruct a theoretical framework for organic compound succession and influencing factors, providing basic data for lake eutrophication and ecological risk assessment, conducive to better control over water pollution and proper management of water quality.