Neurobiological after-effects of non-invasive brain stimulation
Neurobiological after-effects of non-invasive brain stimulation
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DOI：
10.1016/j.brs.2016.11.009
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Di Lazzaro, V.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cirillo, G.;Di Pino, G.;Di Lazzaro, V.
背景：近年来，许多研究评估了无创脑刺激（NIBS）技术治疗多种神经和精神疾病的效果。积极的结果导致美国食品和药物管理局批准 NIBS 用于治疗其中一些病症。 NIBS 的治疗效果与皮质兴奋性的双向变化有关，变化方向取决于刺激方案的选择。虽然后遗症大多是短暂的，但与突触兴奋性变化相关的复杂神经生物学机制有可能进一步诱发治疗相关的持久变化。目的：回顾最近从体外和体内研究中获得的神经生物学发现，这些研究强调了 NIBS 后突触可塑性短期和长期变化的分子和细胞机制。研究结果：长时程增强 (LTP) 和抑郁（LTD）现象本身不足以解释短期 NIBS 发作后发生的早期和长期变化。初步实验研究表明，复杂的情况可能与 NIBS 的治疗效果相关，包括基因激活/调节、从头蛋白表达、形态变化、内在放电特性的变化以及抑制、稳态过程和神经胶质功能变化导致的网络特性的改变。结论：本综述重点关注重复性长期后遗症背后的神经生物学机制。 最近从动物和人类的体外和体内研究中获得了经颅磁刺激（rTMS）和经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）。 (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. 保留所有权利。
Background: In recent years, many studies have evaluated the effects of noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques for the treatment of several neurological and psychiatric disorders. Positive results led to approval of NIBS for some of these conditions by the Food and Drug Administration in the USA. The therapeutic effects of NIBS have been related to bi-directional changes in cortical excitability with the direction of change depending on the choice of stimulation protocol. Although after-effects are mostly short lived, complex neurobiological mechanisms related to changes in synaptic excitability bear the potential to further induce therapy-relevant lasting changes.Objective: To review recent neurobiological findings obtained from in vitro and in vivo studies that highlight molecular and cellular mechanisms of short- and long-term changes of synaptic plasticity after NIBS.Findings: Long-term potentiation (LTP) and depression (LTD) phenomena by itself are insufficient in explaining the early and long term changes taking place after short episodes of NIBS. Preliminary experimental studies indicate a complex scenario potentially relevant to the therapeutic effects of NIBS, including gene activation/regulation, de novo protein expression, morphological changes, changes in intrinsic firing properties and modified network properties resulting from changed inhibition, homeostatic processes and glial function.Conclusions: This review brings into focus the neurobiological mechanisms underlying long-term aftereffects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) recently obtained from in vitro and in vivo studies, both in animals and humans. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.