The association of feeding behaviour with the resistance and tolerance to parasites in recently diverged sticklebacks
The association of feeding behaviour with the resistance and tolerance to parasites in recently diverged sticklebacks
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DOI：
10.1111/jeb.12934
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发表时间：
2016-11-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Matthews, Blake
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anaya-Rojas, Jaime M.;Brunner, Franziska S.;Matthews, Blake
不同的自然选择制度可以有助于适应性种群分化，但可能对人类介导的环境变化敏感。例如，水生生态系统的营养负荷可能通过改变资源的丰度和分布以及寄生虫的流行和传染性来改变选择压力。在这里，我们使用了一个围隔实验，以测试的营养负荷和寄生的主机条件和摄食生态的交互作用。具体而言，我们调查了是否常见的鱼类寄生虫Gyrodactylus物种的差异影响最近分歧的湖泊和溪流生态型的三刺棘鱼（Gasterosteus aculeatus）。我们发现，流生态型有更高的耐三代虫感染比湖泊生态型，这两种生态型经历了寄生虫的成本，寄生虫负载和胃的丰满度和身体状况之间的负相关关系。总体而言，我们的研究结果表明，在适应性种群分化的早期阶段，寄生虫可以影响宿主的抵抗力，身体状况和饮食。
Divergent natural selection regimes can contribute to adaptive population divergence, but can be sensitive to human-mediated environmental change. Nutrient loading of aquatic ecosystems, for example, might modify selection pressures by altering the abundance and distribution of resources and the prevalence and infectivity of parasites. Here, we used a mesocosm experiment to test for interactive effects of nutrient loading and parasitism on host condition and feeding ecology. Specifically, we investigated whether the common fish parasite Gyrodactylus sp. differentially affected recently diverged lake and stream ecotypes of three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus). We found that the stream ecotype had a higher resistance to Gyrodactylus sp. infections than the lake ecotype, and that both ecotypes experienced a cost of parasitism, indicated by negative relationships between parasite load and both stomach fullness and body condition. Overall, our results suggest that in the early stages of adaptive population divergence of hosts, parasites can affect host resistance, body condition and diet.