The Wnt receptor Ryk is a negative regulator of mammalian dendrite morphogenesis.

The Wnt receptor Ryk is a negative regulator of mammalian dendrite morphogenesis.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41598-017-06140-z
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发表时间:
2017-07-20
期刊:
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
Cooper HM
Cooper HM
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lanoue V;Langford M;White A;Sempert K;Fogg L;Cooper HM

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给定神经元亚型的独特树突结构决定了其突触连接性和整合到功能神经元网络中的能力。现在很清楚,异常的树突状结构与神经精神和神经退行性疾病有关。然而,目前,在哺乳动物大脑中的预定边界内限制树突生长和分支的外在因素的性质知之甚少。在这里,我们确定Wnt受体Ryk作为一种新的负调节树突状树枝。我们证明,小鼠海马和皮层神经元Ryk的损失,促进过度树突生长和分支在体外。相反,野生型Ryk的过表达限制了这些过程,证实Ryk的作用是抑制树突树枝化。此外,我们确定了一个迄今为止尚未表征的膜近端子域Ryk介导的抑制树突形态发生的关键,这表明它可能通过一种新的信号通路,以约束树突的复杂性。我们还表明,Ryk在体内表现出类似的功能,Ryk单倍不足的出生后动物表现出过度的树突生长和分支层2/3锥体神经元的体感皮层。这些发现揭示了Ryk在调节树突复杂性中的重要作用,并提出了一种有趣的可能性,即它可能通过修改树突结构来影响神经可塑性。
The unique dendritic architecture of a given neuronal subtype determines its synaptic connectivity and ability to integrate into functional neuronal networks. It is now clear that abnormal dendritic structure is associated with neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. Currently, however, the nature of the extrinsic factors that limit dendritic growth and branching within predetermined boundaries in the mammalian brain is poorly understood. Here we identify the Wnt receptor Ryk as a novel negative regulator of dendritic arborisation. We demonstrate that loss of Ryk in mouse hippocampal and cortical neurons promotes excessive dendrite growth and branching in vitro. Conversely, overexpression of wildtype Ryk restricts these processes, confirming that Ryk acts to restrain dendrite arborisation. Furthermore, we identify a hitherto uncharacterized membrane proximal subdomain crucial for Ryk-mediated suppression of dendrite morphogenesis, suggesting that it may act through a novel signalling pathway to constrain dendrite complexity. We also demonstrate that Ryk performs a similar function in vivo as Ryk haploinsufficient postnatal animals exhibit excessive dendrite growth and branching in layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons of the somatosensory cortex. These findings reveal an essential role for Ryk in regulating dendrite complexity and raise the intriguing possibility that it may influence neural plasticity by modifying dendritic structure.
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