Locally enhanced electric field treatment (LEEFT) for water disinfection
Locally enhanced electric field treatment (LEEFT) for water disinfection
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DOI：
10.1007/s11783-020-1253-x
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发表时间：
2020-05
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Jianfeng Zhou;Ting Wang;Cecilia Yu;Xing Xie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jianfeng Zhou;Ting Wang;Cecilia Yu;Xing Xie
水消毒是水和废水处理的关键步骤。最广泛使用的氯化会形成致癌消毒副产物 (DBP)，而替代方法（例如紫外线、O3 和膜过滤）则受到微生物再生、无残留消毒剂和高运营成本的限制。这里介绍了一种纳米线消毒方法——局部增强电场处理（LEEFT），具有不添加化学物质、不形成DBP、低能耗和高效微生物灭活的优点。由于避雷针效应，即使施加很小的外部电压（通常< 5 V），电极上纳米线尖端区域附近的电场也会显着增强，从而使微生物失活。在这篇综述中，在强调了水消毒的重要性之后，解释了LEEFT的理论。随后，总结了LEEFT技术在电极材料和器件配置方面的最新进展。分析了消毒性能，包括操作参数、针对不同微生物的通用性、电极耐用性和能耗。还对LEEFT过程中失活机制的研究进行了综述。最后，讨论了LEEFT消毒的挑战和未来研究。
Water disinfection is a critical step in water and wastewater treatment. The most widely used chlorination suffers from the formation of carcinogenic disinfection by-products (DBPs) while alternative methods (e.g., UV, O3, and membrane filtration) are limited by microbial regrowth, no residual disinfectant, and high operation cost. Here, a nanowire-enabled disinfection method, locally enhanced electric field treatment (LEEFT), is introduced with advantages of no chemical addition, no DBP formation, low energy consumption, and efficient microbial inactivation. Attributed to the lightning rod effect, the electric field near the tip area of the nanowires on the electrode is significantly enhanced to inactivate microbes, even though a small external voltage (usually < 5 V) is applied. In this review, after emphasizing the significance of water disinfection, the theory of the LEEFT is explained. Subsequently, the recent development of the LEEFT technology on electrode materials and device configurations are summarized. The disinfection performance is analyzed, with respect to the operating parameters, universality against different microorganisms, electrode durability, and energy consumption. The studies on the inactivation mechanisms during the LEEFT are also reviewed. Lastly, the challenges and future research of LEEFT disinfection are discussed.