Similar HIV protection from four weeks of zidovudine versus nevirapine prophylaxis among formula-fed infants in Botswana.
Similar HIV protection from four weeks of zidovudine versus nevirapine prophylaxis among formula-fed infants in Botswana.
复制标题
DOI：
10.4102/sajhivmed.v19i1.751
复制
发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Shapiro RL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Powis KM;Lockman S;Ajibola G;Hughes MD;Bennett K;Leidner J;Batlang O;Botebele K;Moyo S;van Widenfelt E;Makhema J;Petlo C;Jibril HB;McIntosh K;Essex M;Shapiro RL
世界卫生组织艾滋病毒指南建议婴儿齐多夫定（ZDV）或奈韦拉平（NVP）预防配方奶粉喂养的婴儿分娩期间母婴艾滋病毒传播（MTCT）。尚无研究评价ZDV每日两次与NVP每日一次在单纯配方奶粉喂养的HIV暴露婴儿中预防的比较疗效。使用来自Mpepu研究（一项在博茨瓦纳开展的临床试验，旨在研究预防性复方新诺明是否能改善婴儿存活率）的数据，对足月出生（妊娠≥ 37周）、出生体重≥ 2500 g且从出生起就接受配方奶粉喂养的婴儿进行了MTCT事件和AIDS部（DAIDS）3级或4级贫血或中性粒细胞减少症发生率的回顾性分析。从Mpepu研究开始，就使用ZDV婴儿预防。研究中途的方案修改导致随后使用NVP婴儿预防。在有资格进行二次回顾性分析的婴儿中，共有695名（52%）婴儿接受了ZDV，而646名（48%）婴儿从出生起接受了NVP至少25天但不超过35天。两名（0.29%）ZDV接受者和三名（0.46%）NVP接受者发生了确诊的分娩期HIV感染（p = 0.68）。19例（2.7%）ZDV接受者与12例（1.9%）NVP接受者发生贫血（p = 0.36）。28例（4.0%）ZDV接受者与21例（3.3%）NVP接受者发生中性粒细胞减少（p = 0.47）。在出生体重≥ 2500 g的配方奶粉喂养的足月婴儿中，ZDV和NVP均导致产时传播率较低，重度婴儿血液学毒性（DAIDS 3级或4级）无显著差异。
The World Health Organization HIV guidelines recommend either infant zidovudine (ZDV) or nevirapine (NVP) prophylaxis for the prevention of intrapartum mother-to-child HIV transmission (MTCT) among formula-fed infants. No study has evaluated the comparative efficacy of infant prophylaxis with twice daily ZDV versus once daily NVP in exclusively formula-fed HIV-exposed infants. Using data from the Mpepu Study, a Botswana-based clinical trial investigating whether prophylactic co-trimoxazole could improve infant survival, retrospective analyses of MTCT events and Division of AIDS (DAIDS) Grade 3 or Grade 4 occurrences of anaemia or neutropenia were performed among infants born full-term (≥ 37 weeks gestation), with a birth weight ≥ 2500 g and who were formula-fed from birth. ZDV infant prophylaxis was used from Mpepu Study inception. A protocol modification mid-way through the study led to the subsequent use of NVP infant prophylaxis. Among infants qualifying for this secondary retrospective analysis, a total of 695 (52%) infants received ZDV, while 646 (48%) received NVP from birth for at least 25 days but no more than 35 days. Confirmed intrapartum HIV infection occurred in two (0.29%) ZDV recipients and three (0.46%) NVP recipients (p = 0.68). Anaemia occurred in 19 (2.7%) ZDV versus 12 (1.9%) NVP (p = 0.36) recipients. Neutropenia occurred in 28 (4.0%) ZDV versus 21 (3.3%) NVP recipients (p = 0.47). Both ZDV and NVP resulted in low intrapartum transmission rates and no significant differences in severe infant haematologic toxicity (DAIDS Grade 3 or Grade 4) among formula-fed full-term infants with a birthweight ≥ 2500 g.
登录
查看更多内容
DOI：
10.1056/nejmoa0911486
发表时间：
2010-06-17
期刊：
The New England journal of medicine
影响因子：
--
作者：
Chasela CS;Hudgens MG;Jamieson DJ;Kayira D;Hosseinipour MC;Kourtis AP;Martinson F;Tegha G;Knight RJ;Ahmed YI;Kamwendo DD;Hoffman IF;Ellington SR;Kacheche Z;Soko A;Wiener JB;Fiscus SA;Kazembe P;Mofolo IA;Chigwenembe M;Sichali DS;van der Horst CM;BAN Study Group
通讯作者：
BAN Study Group
DOI：
10.1111/j.1440-1754.1997.tb01022.x
发表时间：
1997-04-01
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
Tapp, H;Savarirayan, R
通讯作者：
Savarirayan, R
影响因子：
3
作者：
de Ruiter, Annemiek;Taylor, Graham P.;Wilkins, Ed
通讯作者：
Wilkins, Ed
影响因子：
158.5
作者：
Kumwenda, Newton I.;Hoover, Donald R.;Taha, Taha E.
通讯作者：
Taha, Taha E.
影响因子：
120.7
作者：
Thior, Ibou;Lockman, Shahin;Essex, Max
通讯作者：
Essex, Max