Genetic effects of captive breeding cause a rapid, cumulative fitness decline in the wild
Genetic effects of captive breeding cause a rapid, cumulative fitness decline in the wild
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DOI：
10.1126/science.1145621
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发表时间：
2007-10-05
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Blouin, Michael S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Araki, Hitoshi;Cooper, Becky;Blouin, Michael S.
圈养繁殖被用来补充许多在野外正在减少的物种的数量。然而，这些计划的适用性和长期物种生存在很大程度上仍然未经测试。我们测量了前两代的钢头鳟鱼，在圈养和繁殖后，他们被释放在野外的终身繁殖成功。通过用微卫星标记重建一个三代系谱，我们发现，当鱼被转移到自然环境中时，驯化的遗传效应会降低随后的生殖能力，每个人工饲养的世代降低40%。这些结果表明，即使是几代的驯化可能会产生负面影响，自然繁殖在野外和重复使用圈养饲养的父母，以补充野生种群应仔细重新考虑。
Captive breeding is used to supplement populations of many species that are declining in the wild. The suitability of and long-term species survival from such programs remain largely untested, however. We measured lifetime reproductive success of the first two generations of steelhead trout that were reared in captivity and bred in the wild after they were released. By reconstructing a three-generation pedigree with microsatellite markers, we show that genetic effects of domestication reduce subsequent reproductive capabilities by similar to 40% per captive-reared generation when fish are moved to natural environments. These results suggest that even a few generations of domestication may have negative effects on natural reproduction in the wild and that the repeated use of captive-reared parents to supplement wild populations should be carefully reconsidered.