Soluble trace metals associated with atmospheric fine particulate matter in the two most populous cities in Vietnam
Soluble trace metals associated with atmospheric fine particulate matter in the two most populous cities in Vietnam
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越南人口最多的两个城市中与大气细颗粒物相关的可溶性微量金属
DOI：
10.1016/j.aeaoa.2022.100178
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hien T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hien T
越南人口最多的城市河内和胡志明市因其糟糕的空气污染状况而受到越来越多的全球关注。作为最近英国-越南两个城市项目的一部分，对细颗粒物中痕量金属的浓度进行了表征。在2018年9月/10月和2019年3月的两个4周期间，在河内的2个地点和胡志明市的3个地点收集了PM2的24小时样本。用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICPMS)分析了S与PM2结合的15种微量金属(铁、铝、锰、钛、锌、钒、铜、镍、钴、镉、铅、钍、铬、砷、锑)的可溶组分。结果表明，在这两个城市的PM2中，锌是最丰富的可溶金属，大量的道路车辆(如轮胎磨损)可能对这两个城市的PM2有贡献，而有色金属生产是河内的一个重要额外来源。除锌外，铁和铝均为地壳来源的主要金属。河内的大部分痕量金属浓度均高于HCM，尤其是有毒金属铅、镉、铬和砷。V和Ni是仅有的两种在HCM中的浓度高于河内的金属，这可能是由于航运排放(燃烧重质燃料油)强烈影响了HCM的空气质量。火力发电厂和有色金属生产可能是河内痕量金属的主要来源。健康风险评估显示，在这两个城市，吸入与PM2结合的可溶痕量金属存在很高的致癌风险。
Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City (HCM), the most populous cities in Vietnam, have received increasing global attention because of their poor air pollution status. As part of the recent UK-Vietnam 2-Cities project, the concentrations of trace metals in fine particulate matter have been characterized. 24-hour samples of PM2were collected at 2 sites in Hanoi and 3 sites in HCM during two 4-week periods in September/October 2018 and March 2019. The soluble fraction of 15 trace metal(oid)s (Fe, Al, Mn, Ti, Zn, V, Cu, Ni, Co, Cd, Pb, Th, Cr, As, and Sb) bound to PM2were analyzed by ICP-MS. The results show that Zn was the most abundant soluble metal in PM2in both cities, with very large numbers of road vehicles (e.g. tyre wear) likely contributing in both cities and non-ferrous metal production being a substantial additional source in Hanoi. Fe and Al, derived from crustal sources, were the dominant metals after Zn. Most trace metals concentrations in Hanoi were higher than in HCM, especially toxic metals such as Pb, Cd, Cr and As. V and Ni were the only two metals having higher concentrations in HCM than in Hanoi, likely due to shipping emissions (combustion of heavy fuel oil) that strongly affect the air quality in HCM. Coal-power plants and non-ferrous metal production are likely to be the major sources of trace metals in Hanoi. Health risk assessment shows that a high carcinogenic risk exists for inhalation exposure of soluble trace metals bound to PM2in both cities.