Skeletal receptors for steroid-family regulating glycoprotein hormones A multilevel, integrated physiological control system
Skeletal receptors for steroid-family regulating glycoprotein hormones A multilevel, integrated physiological control system
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.06287.x
复制
发表时间：
2011-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Zaidi, Mone
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Blair, Harry C.;Robinson, Lisa J.;Zaidi, Mone
骨中存在P450糖蛋白激素受体，包括ACTH-R、TSH-R和FSH-R。它们的骨骼表达反映了中枢内分泌控制是最近进化的。成骨细胞或肾上腺皮质中的ACTH受体驱动VEGF的合成。VEGF是维持血管系统所必需的。在骨中，糖皮质激素对ACTH的抑制可导致骨坏死。TSH受体出现在成骨细胞和破骨细胞上，在这两种情况下都降低活性。因此，促甲状腺激素直接减少骨骼周转，符合进化适应压力。FSH受体加速骨吸收，而雌激素促进骨形成，这两种力量通常保持平衡。卵巢功能衰竭时，低雌激素和高FSH会导致快速骨质流失。骨骼FSH效应在绝经期似乎是矛盾的，但它是一个合乎逻辑的适应哺乳期，其中延长FSH的升高也发生。除了受体外，在分布的部位也有垂体糖蛋白的合成;这一点尚未得到很好的研究，但它可能会进一步改变中枢内分泌调节的范式。
Pituitary glycoprotein hormone receptors, including ACTH-R, TSH-R, and FSH-R, occur in bone. Their skeletal expression reflects that central endocrine control is evolutionarily recent. ACTH receptors, in osteoblasts or the adrenal cortex, drive VEGF synthesis. VEGF is essential to maintain vasculature. In bone, ACTH suppression by glucocorticoids can cause osteonecrosis. TSH receptors occur on osteoblasts and osteoclasts, in both cases reducing activity. Thus, TSH directly reduces skeletal turnover, consistent with evolutionary adaptation to stress. FSH receptors accelerate bone resorption, whereas estrogen promotes bone formation, the forces usually balancing. With ovarian failure, low estrogen with high FSH causes rapid bone loss. The skeletal FSH effect in the menopause seems paradoxical, but it is a logical adaptation in lactation, where prolonged FSH elevation also occurs. In addition to receptors, there is some synthesis of pituitary glycoproteins at distributed sites; this is not well studied, but it may further modify the paradigm of central endocrine regulation.