Fungal Biodiversity of the Most Common Types of Polish Soil in a Long-Term Microplot Experiment
Fungal Biodiversity of the Most Common Types of Polish Soil in a Long-Term Microplot Experiment
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DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2019.00006
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发表时间：
2019-01-22
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Galazka, Anna
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Grzadziel, Jaroslaw;Galazka, Anna
这项研究的目的是通过1881年在波兰普拉维建立的长期微区实验，调查八种不同类型土壤中真菌的遗传多样性。试验共8块(14m(2))，每块1m深，用混凝土墙填满不同土壤的剖面。这些土壤代表了波兰最常见的土壤类型(棕壤、福尔维克棕壤、格列克黑钙土、坎比索和哈比索土、两种布鲁尼克沙土和哈普利克卢维索土)。不同土壤具有不同的pH值(4.0~7.5)和有机碳含量(4.5~21.3g kg~(-1))。土壤结构没有被压实破坏，因为土壤一直是手工耕种的。所有地块总是同时种植相同的植物种类，土壤接受相同的肥料。此外，土壤总是处于相同的天气条件下。子囊菌门是所有样品中最丰富的门，占真菌总数的70%~90%。一些属(Mortierella、Solicoccozyma和Mycosphaerella)被发现能适应广泛的pH范围。酸性土壤以霉菌属、枝孢霉属、德维氏菌属和Saitozyma属为主，而优质土壤主要由Plectosphaerella、Tetracladium和Mortierella组成。这项研究证实了之前的报道，即pH对土壤真菌多样性有决定性的影响，但也表明土壤类型本身的强烈影响。这些研究启动了对这些历史土壤剖面的新一轮研究。
The aim of the study was to investigate fungal genetic diversity in eight different types of soil in a long-term microplot experiment founded in 1881 in Pulawy, Poland. The experiment consists of eight plots (14 m(2)), each 1 m deep with concrete walls, filled with profiles of different soils. The soils represent the most common Polish soil types (Cambic Leptosol, Fluvic Cambisol, Gleyic Chernozem, Cambisol and Haplic Cambisol, two Brunic Arenosols and Haplic Luvisol). Each soil was characterized by different pH (from 4.0 to 7.5) and organic carbon content (4.5-21.3 g kg(-1)). The soil structure was not destroyed by compaction because the soils had always been cultivated by hand. The same plant species were always grown in all plots at the same time and the soils received the same fertilization. Moreover, the soils were always under the same weather conditions. Ascomycota was the most abundant phylum in all samples, ranging from 70 to 90% of total fungi. Some genera (Mortierella, Solicoccozyma, and Mycosphaerella) were found to be adapted to a wide range of pH. Acidic soils were dominated by Talaromyces, Cladophialophora, Devriesia, and Saitozyma, while good quality soils primarily consisted of Plectosphaerella, Tetracladium, and Mortierella. The study confirmed previous reports that pH has a decisive influence on soil fungal diversity, but also indicated the strong impact of soil type itself. These studies have launched a new cycle of research in these historical soil profiles.