Skins of varying permeability: A stabilization mechanism for gas cavitation nuclei
Skins of varying permeability: A stabilization mechanism for gas cavitation nuclei
复制标题
DOI：
10.1121/1.382930
复制
发表时间：
1979-06
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
D. Yount
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Yount
大量实验表明，水中气泡的形成是由预先存在的气体核引发的。这是出乎意料的，因为半径大于1 μ m的气相应该上升到静止液体的表面，而较小的气相应该通过表面张力导致的气体向外扩散迅速溶解。已经提出了几种稳定气体核的机制，但在每种情况下都有相反的实验证据。在这篇文章中，研究了一个模型，其中稳定性由不同透气性的表面活性皮肤保持。关于超声空化和通过反扩散形成气泡的数据表明，如果存在这种皮肤，那么它们最初必须是可渗透的。与最近从过饱和明胶中获得的气泡计数的定量比较导致进一步的结论，即如果静压迅速升高足够大的量，则核皮肤变得有效地不可渗透。表面积、长度和单位面积。
Numerous experiments suggest that bubble formation in water is initiated by preexisting gas nuclei. This is unexpected since gas phases larger than the order of 1 μm in radius ought to rise to the surface of a standing liquid, whereas smaller ones should dissolve rapidly via the outward diffusion of gas that results from surface tension. Several mechanisms for stabilizing gas nuclei have been proposed, but in each case there is experimental evidence to the contrary. In this article, a model is investigated in which stability is maintained by surface‐active skins of varying gas permeability. Data on ultrasonic cavitation and on bubble formation by counter‐diffusion indicate that such skins, if they exist, must be initially permeable. Quantitative comparisons with bubble counts obtained recently from supersaturated gelatin lead to the further conclusion that nuclear skins become effectively impermeable if the static pressure is raised rapidly by a sufficiently large amount. The surface area, length, and ene...