The impact of cultivated land spatial shift on food crop production in China, 1990-2010
The impact of cultivated land spatial shift on food crop production in China, 1990-2010
复制标题
1990—2010年中国耕地空间转移对粮食作物生产的影响
DOI：
10.1002/ldr.2929
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发表时间：
2018-06-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Xin, Liangjie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Yuanyuan;Li, Xiubin;Xin, Liangjie
根据Landsat专题制图仪获取的土地利用数据，近20年来中国耕地面积发生了显著的空间变化。基于县级土壤有机质数据和产量数据，建立了分辨率为1 km的像元级作物产量数据集。利用该数据集，本文定量评估了由于耕地空间转移在国家和区域水平的平均作物产量的变化。结果表明：（1）1990-2010年，全国粮食单产平均下降1.99%。其主要原因是，建设区占用了大量高产耕地，而生态脆弱区的低产耕地被转用。(b)尽管有7.72万km 2的耕地被转化为建设用地，特别是在具有高经济价值的地区，如黄淮海平原，32.94万km 2的土地被转化为耕地，特别是在东北和西北地区。(c)全国建成区耕地与区域新增耕地之间的质量差距表明，新疆每损失1 km（2）建成区耕地，就需要新增1.54 km（2）耕地来补偿，而东北地区则需要更多。然而，这些地区的耕地扩张可能会导致土地退化和一系列生态环境问题。
Cultivated land has been undergoing significant spatial shift during the last 2 decades in China, according to land-use data derived from the Landsat Thematic Mapper. Based on soil organic matter data and yield data at county level, we developed a constant crop yield dataset at pixel level with a resolution of 1 km. Using this dataset, this paper quantitatively evaluates average crop yield change due to cultivated land spatial shift at national and regional levels. The results show that (a) at national level, the average crop yield per unit area decreased by 1.99% during the period 1990-2010. The main reason for this is that built-up areas occupied a significant amount of high-yield cultivated land whereas low-yield land converted in ecologically vulnerable areas. (b) In spite of 77.2 thousand km(2) cultivated land was converted to built-up areas, especially in areas with high economic value, such as Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, 329.4 thousand km(2) land was converted to cultivated land, especially in Northeastern and Northwestern China. (c) The quality gap between cultivated land converted to built-up areas nationally and new cultivated land regionally suggests that the loss of 1 km(2) of cultivated land converted to built-up area would, to achieve equivalency, need to be compensated by 1.54 km(2) of new land in Xinjiang, or more in Northeastern China. However, cultivated land expansion in these areas may cause land degradation and a series of ecological environment problems.