The Electrical Properties of Ice Surfaces
The Electrical Properties of Ice Surfaces
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冰表面的电特性
DOI：
10.3189/s0022143000033402
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发表时间：
1978
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
H. Nishimura
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
N. Maeno;H. Nishimura
摘要测量了单晶冰的表面电导率随温度、杂质浓度、场强和其他变量的变化。在温度低于约-6 ° C时，发现表面电导率遵循阿克里尼乌斯方程，活化能为33±2 kcal mol−1（1.43±0.09 eV）。冰中含有的少量杂质增加了表面电导率并降低了激活能：对于HF掺杂的冰，激活能降低到10.0 kcal mol−1（0.44 eV）。机械处理的冰表面增加了表面传导。当温度高于约-6 ° C时，表面电导率随温度的升高而迅速增加;这可以用冰面上准液体层的出现和发展来解释。发现升华冰表面的电行为在-9 ° C左右的温度下变化。在较高的温度下，观察到的急剧，瞬时电流增加开始抽空，这被认为是由于形成离子状态，由于快速蒸发的准液体层。得出的结论是，冰面被准液体层覆盖的温度在-6 ° C到-9 °C之间。
Abstract The surface conductivity of monocrystalline ice was measured as a function of temperature impurity concentration, field-strength, and other variables. At temperature, below about –6°C the surface conductivity was found to follow the Arrhenius equation with an activation energy of 33±2 kcal mol−1 (1.43±0.09 eV). Small amounts of impurities contained within the ice increased the surface conductivity and decreased the actuation energy: for HF-doped ice the activation energy was reduced to 10.0 kcal mol−1 (0.44 eV). Mechanical treatment of the ice surface increased the surface conduction. At temperatures above about —6°C the surface conductivity increased more rapidly with the rise in temperature; this is explained in terms of the appearance and development of a quasi-liquid layer on the ice surface. The electrical behaviour of sublimed ice surfaces was found to vary at a temperature around —9°C. At higher temperature a sharp, instantaneous current increase was observed as evacuation began; this was considered to be caused by the formation of ionic states due to the rapid evaporation of quasi-liquid layers. It was concluded that the temperature above which the ice surface was covered with a quasi-liquid layer lay in the range — 6 to — 9°C.