ACE2: Evidence of role as entry receptor for SARS-CoV-2 and implications in comorbidities.
ACE2: Evidence of role as entry receptor for SARS-CoV-2 and implications in comorbidities.
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DOI：
10.7554/elife.61390
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发表时间：
2020-11-09
期刊：
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Grandvaux N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zamorano Cuervo N;Grandvaux N
大流行性严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）导致冠状病毒19疾病（COVID-19），该疾病在70岁以上的脆弱人群中表现出广泛的表现，并具有致命的结局，并患有高血压，糖尿病，肥胖症，心血管疾病，COPD和吸烟状态。对进入受体的了解是理解SARS-CoV-2嗜性、传播和发病机制的关键。早期的证据指出血管紧张素转换酶2（ACE 2）是SARS冠状病毒2型的进入受体。在这里，我们提供了一个关键的总结，目前的知识，强调的局限性和剩余的差距，需要加以解决，以充分表征ACE 2在SARS-CoV-2感染和相关的发病机制的功能。我们还讨论了ACE 2表达和在与COVID-19不良结局相关的合并症背景下的潜在作用。最后，我们讨论了潜在的辅助受体/附着因子，如神经纤毛蛋白，硫酸乙酰肝素和唾液酸和假定的替代受体，如CD 147和GRP 78。
Pandemic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes coronavirus 19 disease (COVID-19) which presents a large spectrum of manifestations with fatal outcomes in vulnerable people over 70-years-old and with hypertension, diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease, COPD, and smoking status. Knowledge of the entry receptor is key to understand SARS-CoV-2 tropism, transmission and pathogenesis. Early evidence pointed to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as SARS-CoV-2 entry receptor. Here, we provide a critical summary of the current knowledge highlighting the limitations and remaining gaps that need to be addressed to fully characterize ACE2 function in SARS-CoV-2 infection and associated pathogenesis. We also discuss ACE2 expression and potential role in the context of comorbidities associated with poor COVID-19 outcomes. Finally, we discuss the potential co-receptors/attachment factors such as neuropilins, heparan sulfate and sialic acids and the putative alternative receptors, such as CD147 and GRP78.