A tale of two events: Arctic rain-on-snow meteorological drivers
A tale of two events: Arctic rain-on-snow meteorological drivers
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DOI：
10.1017/aog.2023.25
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发表时间：
2023-05
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Jessica Voveris;M. Serreze
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jessica Voveris;M. Serreze
北极雪上雨(ROS)事件可能对北极野生动物和社会经济系统产生重大影响。这项研究讨论了两个不同的北极ROS事件的气象学。第一次发生在格陵兰努克附近，造成了重大影响，包括雪崩。第二起不太严重的事件发生在加拿大努纳武特的Iqaluit社区。这项研究利用大气再分析、自动地面观测站数据和大气探测来确定驱动这些事件的气象条件以及每个事件之间的差异。在这两种情况下，大气阻塞在启动ROS方面发挥了主导作用，大气河流--通常起源于热带和亚热带的高水汽传输的窄带--既有直接影响，也有间接影响。气旋引起的低空急流以及由此产生的气温升高和水汽输送的“暖鼻子”是产生ROS的另一个关键特征。据我们所知，我们的研究首次可视化了这些耦合特征的不同强度和表现形式如何导致北极ROS事件严重程度的差异。这里确定的气象驱动因素得到了其他关于北极ROS事件的研究的支持，并与与北极极端级别降水事件有关的天气特征相似。
Arctic rain-on-snow (ROS) events can have significant impacts on Arctic wildlife and socio-economic systems. This study addresses the meteorology of two different Arctic ROS events. The first, occurring near Nuuk, Greenland, generated significant impacts, including slush avalanches. The second, less severe, event occurred within the community of Iqaluit, Nunavut, Canada. This research utilizes atmospheric reanalysis, automated surface observation station data and atmospheric soundings to determine the meteorological conditions driving these events and the differences between each case. In both cases, atmospheric blocking played a leading role in ROS initiation, with atmospheric rivers – narrow bands of high water vapor transport, typically originating from the tropics and subtropics – having both direct and indirect effects. Cyclone-induced low-level jets and resultant ‘warm noses’ of higher air temperatures and moisture transport were other key features in ROS generation. To our knowledge, our study is the first to visualize how the varying strength and manifestation of these coupled features contribute to differences in the severity of Arctic ROS events. The meteorological drivers identified here find support from other studies on Arctic ROS events and are similar to weather features associated with Arctic precipitation events of extreme magnitude.