Design and mechanistic insight into ultrafast calcium indicators for monitoring intracellular calcium dynamics.

Design and mechanistic insight into ultrafast calcium indicators for monitoring intracellular calcium dynamics.
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DOI:
10.1038/srep38276
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发表时间:
2016-12-06
期刊:
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
Török K
Török K
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Helassa N;Podor B;Fine A;Török K

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基于钙调素的基因编码的荧光钙指示剂(GCaMP-S)是从细胞到自由运动的动物的强大的钙动力学成像工具。然而,动力学缓慢的高亲和力指示剂会扭曲钙瞬变的时间分布。在这里,我们报告了GCaMP6s和GCaMP6f的亲和力降低的超快变体的发展。我们推测GCaMP-S在Rs20肽与钙-钙调蛋白的相互作用中具有共同的动力学机制和限速过程。因此,我们通过合理的设计针对结合界面上的特定残基产生了改进的指示剂,GCaMP6fu在体外显示荧光上升和衰减时间(t1/2)分别为1和3ms(37 °C),分别比GCaMP6f快9和22倍。在HEK293T细胞中,GCaMP6fu显示ATP诱导的细胞内钙瞬变的衰减速度是GCaMP6f的4倍。以10 0 Hz5个动作电位刺激大鼠海马CA1区锥体神经元,产生单树突状钙瞬变,其上升速度是GCaMP6f的2倍,衰减时间是GCaMP6f的7倍(T1/2为40 ms),提示高频动作电位的追踪可能受到钙动力学的限制。我们认为,GCaMP6fu的设计策略适用于加速GCaMP型钙指示剂的响应动力学。
Calmodulin-based genetically encoded fluorescent calcium indicators (GCaMP-s) are powerful tools of imaging calcium dynamics from cells to freely moving animals. High affinity indicators with slow kinetics however distort the temporal profile of calcium transients. Here we report the development of reduced affinity ultrafast variants of GCaMP6s and GCaMP6f. We hypothesized that GCaMP-s have a common kinetic mechanism with a rate-limiting process in the interaction of the RS20 peptide and calcium-calmodulin. Therefore we targeted specific residues in the binding interface by rational design generating improved indicators with GCaMP6fu displaying fluorescence rise and decay times (t1/2) of 1 and 3 ms (37 °C) in vitro, 9 and 22-fold faster than GCaMP6f respectively. In HEK293T cells, GCaMP6fu revealed a 4-fold faster decay of ATP-evoked intracellular calcium transients than GCaMP6f. Stimulation of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons with five action potentials fired at 100 Hz resulted in a single dendritic calcium transient with a 2-fold faster rise and 7-fold faster decay time (t1/2 of 40 ms) than GCaMP6f, indicating that tracking high frequency action potentials may be limited by calcium dynamics. We propose that the design strategy used for generating GCaMP6fu is applicable for the acceleration of the response kinetics of GCaMP-type calcium indicators.
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