The Arabidopsis mature endosperm promotes seedling cuticle formation via release of sulfated peptides
The Arabidopsis mature endosperm promotes seedling cuticle formation via release of sulfated peptides
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DOI：
10.1016/j.devcel.2021.10.005
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发表时间：
2021-11-22
影响因子：
11.8
通讯作者：
Lopez-Molina, Luis
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
De Giorgi, Julien;Fuchs, Christelle;Lopez-Molina, Luis
在拟南芥成熟种子中，胚向幼苗过渡的发生是非自主控制的，在不利条件下被胚乳脱落酸（阿坝）释放所阻断。在这一转变过程中，成熟胚乳是否支配着另外的非自主发育过程尚不清楚。成熟胚有一个更渗透角质层比幼苗，符合他们的胚乳阿坝吸收能力。幼苗在发芽过程中获得了适应空中生活方式的密封良好的培养皿。去除胚乳可防止幼苗角质层的形成，而将胚乳嫁接到胚上的种子重建表明胚乳促进幼苗角质层的发育。嫁接不同的胚乳和胚突变体组合，连同生化，显微镜和质谱方法，揭示了酪蛋白磺基转移酶（TPST）-硫酸化的CIF 2和PSY 1肽从胚乳的释放促进幼苗角质层的发展。胚乳剥夺胚胎产生的非可行的幼苗具有许多发育缺陷，不相关的胚胎营养不良，所有恢复由外源提供的胚乳。因此，幼苗的建立是非自主的，需要成熟的胚乳。
In Arabidopsis mature seeds, the onset of the embryo-to-seedling transition is nonautonomously controlled, being blocked by endospermic abscisic acid (ABA) release under unfavorable conditions. Whether the mature endosperm governs additional nonautonomous developmental processes during this transition is unknown. Mature embryos have a more permeable cuticle than seedlings, consistent with their endospermic ABA uptake capability. Seedlings acquire their well-sealing cuticles adapted to aerial lifestyle during germination. Endosperm removal prevents seedling cuticle formation, and seed reconstitution by endosperm grafting onto embryos shows that the endosperm promotes seedling cuticle development. Grafting different endosperm and embryo mutant combinations, together with biochemical, microscopy, and mass spectrometry approaches, reveal that the release of tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase (TPST)-sulfated CIF2 and PSY1 peptides from the endosperm promotes seedling cuticle development. Endosperm-deprived embryos produced nonviable seedlings bearing numerous developmental defects, not related to embryo malnutrition, all restored by exogenously provided endosperm. Hence, seedling establishment is nonautonomous, requiring the mature endosperm.