Vibro-acoustic modelling of high-speed train composite floor and contribution analysis of its constituent materials
Vibro-acoustic modelling of high-speed train composite floor and contribution analysis of its constituent materials
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DOI：
10.1016/j.compstruct.2020.113049
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发表时间：
2021-01-15
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Xiao, Xinbiao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhang, Jie;Yao, Dan;Xiao, Xinbiao
地板是高速列车内部噪声控制的关键。然而，由于它的大尺寸(25米x 2。87 m x 0.16 m)和复杂的结构（由多层不同的材料组成），没有合适的地板建模方法。复合楼板的声振特性及其组成材料的贡献还有待研究。在本研究中，通过现场测量和模拟分析来解决这一问题。首先，在一个大的半消声室里，用一辆真正的高速客车测量了地板的隔音性能。然后，在时速从250公里到350公里的高速铁路上，测量了同一辆客车的地板振动传递。其次，提出了一种系统的复合楼板振声建模方法。从单一结构或材料到整个地板的建模步骤进行了详细的介绍和讨论。实验结果验证了完整的模型。最后，利用验证过的复合楼板振声模型，分析了复合楼板各组成材料的贡献。结果表明，预测结果的光谱特征与实验结果一致，且振幅差较小。该建模方法和模型合理可靠。与隔声吸声材料相比，木龙骨对复合地板的隔声和隔振传递影响更为显著。因此，对于复合楼板的噪声和振动控制，应重点考虑木龙骨的设计，包括数量、排列和材料。
The floor is crucial for the interior noise control in a high-speed train. However, due to its large size (25 m x 2. 87 m x 0.16 m) and complex structure (consists of multiple layers of different materials), there is no appropriate approach for floor modelling. The vibro-acoustic characteristics of the composite floor and the contributions of its constituent materials are yet to be studied. In this study, both in-situ measurements and simulation analyses were conducted to address this issue. First, the sound insulation of the floor was measured in a large semi-anechoic room using a real high-speed coach. Then, the floor vibration transmission of the same coach was measured on a high-speed line with the train running at speeds from 250 km/h to 350 km/h. Second, a systematic vibro-acoustic modelling method of the composite floor has been proposed. The modelling steps from the single structure or material to the whole floor are presented and discussed in detail. The complete model is validated by the experimental results. Finally, using the verified vibro-acoustic model of the composite floor, the contributions of its constituent materials are analysed. The results show that the spectral characteristics of the predicted results are consistent with those of experimental results, and their amplitude difference is small. The modelling method and the model are reasonable and reliable. Compared with sound insulation and absorption materials, the wooden keel has a more significant influence on the sound insulation and vibration transmission of the composite floor. Therefore, for noise and vibration control of the composite floor, the focus should be on the design of the wooden keel including the number, arrangement, and material.