Discrete taxa of saprotrophic fungi respire different ages of carbon from Antarctic soils.
Discrete taxa of saprotrophic fungi respire different ages of carbon from Antarctic soils.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-018-25877-9
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发表时间：
2018-05-18
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Cox F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Newsham KK;Garnett MH;Robinson CH;Cox F
不同的有机化合物在土壤中具有不同的停留时间，并被腐生真菌的特定分类群降解。因此，特定的真菌类群应该将不同年龄的碳从这些化合物中呼吸到大气中。在这里，我们通过放射性碳（14C）测年来测试这是否是这种情况，二氧化碳是由接种了四种真菌的纯单一培养物的两片经过伽马辐射灭菌的南极海洋土壤演变而来的。我们发现，占两种土壤中所有真菌序列 41-56% 的 Helotiales 成员呼吸的土壤碳年龄可长达 1,200 年，比其他三个类群呼吸的土壤碳早 350-400 年。对 Helotialean 真菌的酶谱及其演化的 CO2 通量和 δ13C 值的分析表明，其从土壤中释放旧碳与有效的纤维素分解有关。我们的研究结果支持这样的观点，即从变暖的土壤中呼吸的碳年龄的增加可能是由离散微生物类群的丰度或活动的变化引起的，并表明土壤中旧碳的损失是由特定的真菌类群驱动的。
Different organic compounds have distinct residence times in soil and are degraded by specific taxa of saprotrophic fungi. It hence follows that specific fungal taxa should respire carbon of different ages from these compounds to the atmosphere. Here, we test whether this is the case by radiocarbon (14C) dating CO2 evolved from two gamma radiation-sterilised maritime Antarctic soils inoculated with pure single cultures of four fungi. We show that a member of the Helotiales, which accounted for 41–56% of all fungal sequences in the two soils, respired soil carbon that was aged up to 1,200 years BP and which was 350–400 years older than that respired by the other three taxa. Analyses of the enzyme profile of the Helotialean fungus and the fluxes and δ13C values of CO2 that it evolved suggested that its release of old carbon from soil was associated with efficient cellulose decomposition. Our findings support suggestions that increases in the ages of carbon respired from warmed soils may be caused by changes to the abundances or activities of discrete taxa of microbes, and indicate that the loss of old carbon from soils is driven by specific fungal taxa.
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影响因子：
8.3
作者：
Garnett, M. H.;Murray, C.
通讯作者：
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