EFFECT OF SHIP-STACK EFFLUENTS ON CLOUD REFLECTIVITY
EFFECT OF SHIP-STACK EFFLUENTS ON CLOUD REFLECTIVITY
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DOI：
10.1126/science.237.4818.1020
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发表时间：
1987-08-28
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
DURKEE, PA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
COAKLEY, JA;BERNSTEIN, RL;DURKEE, PA
在稳定的气象条件下，船舶烟囱排气对上覆云层的影响在白天的卫星图像中被检测为3.7微米处的云反射率的增强。废气是云凝结核的来源，增加了云滴的数量，同时减少了云滴的大小。水滴尺寸的减小导致3.7微米处的反射率大于附近具有类似物理特性的未受污染云的反射率。液滴数量的增加导致污染云在0.63微米处的反射率明显更高，尽管废气可能是在可见波长处吸收的颗粒的来源。气溶胶对云反射率的影响比气溶胶本身对太阳光的直接散射和吸收对地球辐射的影响更大。
Under stable meteorological conditions the effect of ship-stack exhaust on overlying clouds was detected in daytime satellite images as an enhancement in cloud reflectivity at 3.7 micrometers. The exhaust is a source of cloud-condensation nuclei that increases the number of cloud droplets while reducing droplet size. This reduction in droplet size causes the reflectivity at 3.7 micrometers to be greater than the levels for nearby noncontaminated clouds of similar physical characteristics. The increase in droplet number causes the reflectivity at 0.63 micrometer to be significantly higher for the contaminated clouds despite the likelihood that the exhaust is a source of particles that absorb at visible wavelengths. The effect of aerosols on cloud reflectivity is expected to have a larger influence on the earth's albedo than that due to the direct scattering and absorption of sunlight by the aerosols alone.