Temporal Dynamics of the Gut Bacteriome and Mycobiome in the Weanling Pig
Temporal Dynamics of the Gut Bacteriome and Mycobiome in the Weanling Pig
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DOI：
10.3390/microorganisms8060868
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发表时间：
2020-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Summers, Katie Lynn
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Arfken, Ann M.;Frey, Juli Foster;Summers, Katie Lynn
断奶是一个环境变化和压力的时期，导致仔猪肠道微生物组发生显著变化，并与疾病易感性相关，使养猪业感兴趣的潜在干预措施。在其他动物中，细菌组和真菌组之间的相互作用可能导致营养吸收和疾病易感性的改变，但这些相互作用在猪中仍然知之甚少。最近，我们评估了断奶后（第35天）单个时间点仔猪胃肠道中真菌和细菌的定殖动力学，并推断出猪肠道生态系统中真菌和细菌成员之间存在相互作用。在本研究中，我们对仔猪从出生到断奶过渡期的粪便细菌组和真菌组进行了纵向评估。这项研究中的仔猪粪便显示，随着时间的推移，细菌和真菌群落发生了巨大的变化，以及两个王国之间的网络连接性增加。如其他研究所见，仔猪粪便细菌组显示出从拟杆菌科到普雷沃氏菌科的相对稳定和可预测的发展模式，而真菌组显示出随着时间的推移多样性丧失，断奶后的种群主要由放线菌科。真菌群落表现出更短暂的群落，可能是由饮食或环境暴露等因素驱动的，而不是由断奶后粪便样本分类学聚类与哺乳饲料样本证明的有组织的定殖和演替模式。由于该群落的潜在易处理性，真菌生物群可能是潜在微生物干预的可行候选者，这些干预将在断奶过渡期间改变仔猪的健康和生长。
Weaning is a period of environmental changes and stress that results in significant alterations to the piglet gut microbiome and is associated with a predisposition to disease, making potential interventions of interest to the swine industry. In other animals, interactions between the bacteriome and mycobiome can result in altered nutrient absorption and susceptibility to disease, but these interactions remain poorly understood in pigs. Recently, we assessed the colonization dynamics of fungi and bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract of piglets at a single time point post-weaning (day 35) and inferred interactions were found between fungal and bacterial members of the porcine gut ecosystem. In this study, we performed a longitudinal assessment of the fecal bacteriome and mycobiome of piglets from birth through the weaning transition. Piglet feces in this study showed a dramatic shift over time in the bacterial and fungal communities, as well as an increase in network connectivity between the two kingdoms. The piglet fecal bacteriome showed a relatively stable and predictable pattern of development fromBacteroidaceaetoPrevotellaceae, as seen in other studies, while the mycobiome demonstrated a loss in diversity over time with a post-weaning population dominated bySaccharomycetaceae. The mycobiome demonstrated a more transient community that is likely driven by factors such as diet or environmental exposure rather than an organized pattern of colonization and succession evidenced by fecal sample taxonomic clustering with nursey feed samples post-weaning. Due to the potential tractability of the community, the mycobiome may be a viable candidate for potential microbial interventions that will alter piglet health and growth during the weaning transition.