Characterizing Bias Due to Differential Exposure Ascertainment in Electronic Health Record Data.

Characterizing Bias Due to Differential Exposure Ascertainment in Electronic Health Record Data.
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对电子健康记录数据中不同暴露确定引起的偏差进行表征。

DOI:
10.1007/s10742-020-00235-3
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发表时间:
2021-09
影响因子:
1.5
通讯作者:
Chubak J
Chubak J
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hubbard RA;Lett E;Ho GYF;Chubak J

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相似文献

来自电子健康记录 (EHR) 的数据是异构的,具体措施的可用性取决于患者医疗保健互动的类型和时间。这给使用 EHR 衍生暴露的研究带来了挑战,因为由明确评估确定的黄金标准暴露数据可能仅适用于一小部分人群。在这种情况下,暴露确定的替代方法包括将分析样本限制为仅具有可用金标准暴露数据的患者(排除);使用黄金标准数据(如果可用),并在黄金标准不可用时使用代理暴露度量(最佳可用);或对每个人使用代理暴露测量(通用数据)。排除可能会导致结果/暴露关联估计中的选择偏差,而通过最佳可用或常见数据方法合并来自代理暴露的信息可能会因测量误差而导致信息偏差。本文的目的是探讨这三种分析方法在广泛场景中的偏倚和效率,该研究的动机是对 EHR 衍生的结肠癌幸存者队列中慢性高血糖与五年死亡率之间的关联进行研究。我们发现,最佳可用方法往往可以减轻因排除而导致的低效率和选择偏差,同时比常见数据方法遭受的信息偏差更少。然而,这三种方法的偏差都可能很严重,特别是当选择偏差和信息偏差同时存在时。当这些偏差中的任何一个的风险被判断为大于中等时,基于电子病历的分析可能会导致错误的结论。
Data derived from electronic health records (EHR) are heterogeneous with availability of specific measures dependent on the type and timing of patients’ healthcare interactions. This creates a challenge for research using EHR-derived exposures because gold-standard exposure data, determined by a definitive assessment, may only be available for a subset of the population. Alternative approaches to exposure ascertainment in this case include restricting the analytic sample to only those patients with gold-standard exposure data available (exclusion); using gold-standard data, when available, and using a proxy exposure measure when the gold standard is unavailable (best available); or using a proxy exposure measure for everyone (common data). Exclusion may induce selection bias in outcome/exposure association estimates, while incorporating information from a proxy exposure via either the best available or common data approaches may result in information bias due to measurement error. The objective of this paper was to explore the bias and efficiency of these three analytic approaches across a broad range of scenarios motivated by a study of the association between chronic hyperglycemia and five-year mortality in an EHR-derived cohort of colon cancer survivors. We found that the best available approach tended to mitigate inefficiency and selection bias resulting from exclusion while suffering from less information bias than the common data approach. However, bias in all three approaches can be severe, particularly when both selection bias and information bias are present. When risk of either of these biases is judged to be more than moderate, EHR-based analyses may lead to erroneous conclusions.
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