DNA Methylation Is Correlated with Gene Expression during Diapause Termination of Early Embryonic Development in the Silkworm (Bombyx mori)
DNA Methylation Is Correlated with Gene Expression during Diapause Termination of Early Embryonic Development in the Silkworm (Bombyx mori)
复制标题
家蚕 DNA 甲基化与家蚕 (Bombyx mori) 滞育终止早期胚胎发育过程中的基因表达相关
DOI：
10.3390/ijms21020671
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发表时间：
2020-01-02
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Xu, Jia-Ping
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Bing;Hu, Pei;Xu, Jia-Ping
DNA修饰是在原核生物和真核生物中天然发生的DNA修饰，涉及多种生物过程。虽然许多昆虫的全基因组甲基化已经被研究，但对昆虫早期胚胎发育过程中的整体和基因组DNA甲基化的理解仍然缺乏，特别是对于昆虫滞育。在这项研究中，我们分析了家蚕滞育卵与滞育终止卵的DNA甲基化组和转录组之间的关系。mori）。结果显示，甲基化在该物种中是稀疏的，如先前所报道的。此外，滞育终止的鸡蛋（盐酸处理）的甲基化水平比未处理的鸡蛋高0.05%，主要是由于CG甲基化位点的贡献。甲基化倾向于发生在编码序列和启动子区，特别是在转录起始位点和短散布元件。此外，还鉴定了364个甲基化组和转录组相关基因，与滞育终止的卵相比，滞育卵的甲基化和表达水平存在显著差异，74%的甲基化组和转录组相关基因表现出高甲基化和表达升高。最重要的是，京都基因与基因组百科全书（KEGG）分析表明甲基化可能通过调节细胞分化、代谢、凋亡途径和磷酸化与家蚕胚胎发育正相关。通过对家蚕G2/M期特异性E3泛素蛋白连接酶（G2 E3）的分析，我们推测甲基化可能通过调控细胞周期而影响家蚕胚胎滞育。这些发现将有助于揭示早期昆虫胚胎发育和昆虫滞育过程中DNA甲基化和基因表达之间的潜在联系。
DNA modification is a naturally occurring DNA modification in prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms and is involved in several biological processes. Although genome-wide methylation has been studied in many insects, the understanding of global and genomic DNA methylation during insect early embryonic development, is lacking especially for insect diapause. In this study, we analyzed the relationship between DNA methylomes and transcriptomes in diapause-destined eggs compared to diapause-terminated eggs in the silkworm, Bombyx mori (B. mori). The results revealed that methylation was sparse in this species, as previously reported. Moreover, methylation levels in diapause-terminated eggs (HCl-treated) were 0.05% higher than in non-treated eggs, mainly due to the contribution of CG methylation sites. Methylation tends to occur in the coding sequences and promoter regions, especially at transcription initiation sites and short interspersed elements. Additionally, 364 methylome- and transcriptome-associated genes were identified, which showed significant differences in methylation and expression levels in diapause-destined eggs when compared with diapause-terminated eggs, and 74% of methylome and transcriptome associated genes showed both hypermethylation and elevated expression. Most importantly, Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses showed that methylation may be positively associated with Bombyx mori embryonic development, by regulating cell differentiation, metabolism, apoptosis pathways and phosphorylation. Through analyzing the G2/M phase-specific E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase (G2E3), we speculate that methylation may affect embryo diapause by regulating the cell cycle in Bombyx mori. These findings will help unravel potential linkages between DNA methylation and gene expression during early insect embryonic development and insect diapause.