Socio-demographic and sexual practices associated with HIV infection in Kenyan injection and non-injection drug users
Socio-demographic and sexual practices associated with HIV infection in Kenyan injection and non-injection drug users
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DOI：
10.1186/s12889-018-5100-y
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发表时间：
2018-01-30
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Were, Tom
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Budambula, Valentine;Matoka, Charles;Were, Tom
背景：物质使用在非洲大陆日益普遍，助长了艾滋病毒感染的传播。尽管社会人口因素影响物质消费和艾滋病毒感染风险，但非洲大陆的药物使用者对这些因素与艾滋病毒感染之间的联系知之甚少。这项研究的目的是评估肯尼亚沿海城市注射吸毒者、非注射吸毒者和非吸毒者中与艾滋病毒感染相关的社会人口学和性行为。方法：在肯尼亚沿海地区，对451名成年人进行了横断面描述性研究，其中包括艾滋病毒感染和未感染的注射吸毒者(n=157和39)、非注射吸毒者(n=17和48)和非注射吸毒者(n=55和135)。采用受访者主导抽样法、滚雪法和临时抽样法对静脉吸毒人员和非静脉吸毒人员进行登记。方便和有目的的抽样是为了从医院的自愿艾滋病毒检测单元登记非DU患者。结果：二分类Logistic回归分析显示，吸毒者中因警察保护性行为(OR，9.526；95%CI，1.156~78.528；P=0.036)和性传播感染史(OR，5.117；95%CI，1.924~13.485；P=0.001)和离婚、分居或丧偶婚姻状况(OR，6.315；95%CI，1.334~29.898；P=0.020)的吸毒者感染HIV的可能性较高；非吸毒者的失业率(OR，2.724；95%CI，1.049~7.070；P=0.040)。然而，未婚(单身)婚姻状况(OR，0.140；95%CI，0.030~0.649；P=0.012)与非吸毒者感染HIV的几率较低有关。结论：以上结果提示，吸毒者HIV传播的社会人口学和性危险因素与吸毒者有针对性的预防措施有关。
Background: Substance use is increasingly becoming prevalent on the African continent, fueling the spread of HIV infection. Although socio-demographic factors influence substance consumption and risk of HIV infection, the association of these factors with HIV infection is poorly understood among substance users on the African continent. The objective of the study was to assess socio-demographic and sexual practices that are associated with HIV infection among injection drug users (IDUs), non-IDUs, and non-drug users (DUs) at an urban setting of coastal Kenya.Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 451 adults comprising HIV-infected and -uninfected IDUs (n = 157 and 39); non-IDUs (n = 17 and 48); and non-DUs (n = 55 and 135); respectively at coastal, Kenya. Respondent driven sampling, snowball and makeshift methods were used to enroll IDUs and non-IDUs. Convenience and purposive sampling were used to enroll non-DUs from the hospital's voluntary HIV testing unit. Participant assisted questionnaire was used in collecting socio-demographic data and sexual practices.Results: Binary logistic regression analysis indicated that higher likelihood of HIV infection was associated with sex for police protection (OR, 9.526; 95% CI, 1.156-78.528; P = 0.036) and history of sexually transmitted infection (OR, 5.117; 95% CI, 1.924-13.485; P = 0.001) in IDUs; divorced, separated or widowed marital status (OR, 6.315; 95% CI, 1.334-29.898; P = 0.020) in non-IDUs; and unemployment (OR, 2.724; 95% CI, 1.049-7.070; P = 0.040) in non-drug users. However, never married (single) marital status (OR, 0.140; 95% CI, 0.030-0.649; P = 0.012) was associated with lower odds for HIV infection in non-drug users.Conclusion: Altogether, these results suggest that socio-demographic and sexual risk factors for HIV transmission differ with drug use status, suggesting targeted preventive measures for drug users.