Predictors of intention to vaccinate against COVID-19: Results of a nationwide survey.
Predictors of intention to vaccinate against COVID-19: Results of a nationwide survey.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.01.010
复制
发表时间：
2021-02-12
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Bell RA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ruiz JB;Bell RA
民意调查显示，当新冠肺炎疫苗上市时，疫苗接种量将处于次优状态。迫切需要进行形成性研究，寻求了解薄弱的疫苗接种意向。全国范围内对804名说英语的成年人进行的在线调查。一家商业调查公司开发了一个由250万居民组成的互联网调查小组，从美国招募了有偿参与者。招募是基于配额抽样，以产生美国人口普查匹配的样本，在居住地区、性别和年龄方面代表国家。新冠肺炎接种意向较弱，14.8%的受访者不太可能接种，另有23.0%的受访者不确定。男性、老年人、认为是白人和非西班牙裔的人、富裕和受过大学教育的人、民主党人、已婚或有伴侣的人、有既往疾病的人以及在2019-2020年流感季节接种流感疫苗的人的接种意向最高。在多元线性回归分析中，对接种意向有显著预测作用的因素有：一般疫苗知识(β=0.273，P=0.001)、对疫苗的排斥(β=0.273，P=0.003)、新冠肺炎的严重程度(−=β=0.273，P=0.001)、流感疫苗接种量(β=0.178，P=0.001)、有5种既往疾病史(≥=β=0.098，P=0.003)、男性(β=0.273，P=0.001)、男性(β=0.178，P<0.05)。(0.001)，家庭收入为120,000美元(≥=0.0.110，p=0.004)，认同为民主党人(β=0.0.075，p<；2.029)，不依赖社交媒体获取病毒信息(β=，p<0-0.090，p<0-0/2)。福克斯新闻的疫苗接种意向(57.3%)低于美国有线电视新闻网/微软全国广播公司的观众(76.4%)(χ2)。描述了政党在威胁评估和疫苗阴谋信念方面的差异。人口统计特征、疫苗知识、对新冠肺炎的易感性、新冠肺炎的风险因素以及政治因素可能会导致接种疫苗的犹豫。
Public polling indicates that vaccine uptake will be suboptimal when COVID-19 vaccines become available. Formative research seeking an understanding of weak vaccination intentions is urgently needed. Nationwide online survey of 804 U.S. English-speaking adults. Compensated participants were recruited from the U.S. through an internet survey panel of 2.5 million residents developed by a commercial survey firm. Recruitment was based on quota sampling to produce a U.S. Census-matched sample representative of the nation with regard to region of residence, sex, and age. COVID-19 vaccination intentions were weak, with 14.8% of respondents being unlikely to get vaccinated and another 23.0% unsure. Intent to vaccinate was highest for men, older people, individuals who identified as white and non-Hispanic, the affluent and college-educated, Democrats, those who were married or partnered, people with pre-existing medical conditions, and those vaccinated against influenza during the 2019–2020 flu season. In a multiple linear regression, significant predictors of vaccination intent were general vaccine knowledge (β = 0.311, p < .001), rejection of vaccine conspiracies (β = −0.117, p = .003), perceived severity of COVID-19 (β = 0.273, p < .001), influenza vaccine uptake (β = 0.178, p < .001), having ≥ 5 pre-existing conditions (β = 0.098, p = .003), being male (β = 0.119, p < .001), household income of ≥ $120,000 (β = 0.110, p = .004), identifying as a Democrat (β = 0.075, p < .029), and not relying upon social media for virus information (β = -0.090, p 〈0 0 2). Intent to vaccinate was lower for Fox News (57.3%) than CNN/MSNBC viewers (76.4%) (χ2 (1) = 12.68, p < .001). Political party differences in threat appraisals and vaccine conspiracy beliefs are described. Demographic characteristics, vaccine knowledge, perceived vulnerability to COVID-19, risk factors for COVID-19, and politics likely contribute to vaccination hesitancy.