DEEP BIOLOGICAL COMMUNITIES IN THE SUBDUCTION ZONE OF JAPAN FROM BOTTOM PHOTOGRAPHS TAKEN DURING NAUTILE DIVES IN THE KAIKO PROJECT
DEEP BIOLOGICAL COMMUNITIES IN THE SUBDUCTION ZONE OF JAPAN FROM BOTTOM PHOTOGRAPHS TAKEN DURING NAUTILE DIVES IN THE KAIKO PROJECT
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DOI：
10.1016/0012-821x(87)90075-6
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发表时间：
1987-05-01
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
LAUBIER, L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
OHTA, S;LAUBIER, L
“鹦鹉螺号”潜水器在日本周围的俯冲带进行了27次的法日“Kaiko计划”，证明了在深海的增生棱镜上一直存在着相当繁茂的底栖生物群落，主要是calyptogena （Vesicomyidae科）的深海巨蛤。在南开东部俯冲带的天龙峡口和泽尼苏脊基底隆起顶部，发现了以三种迄今未被描述的双壳类calyptogena为特征的底栖生物群落，深度约为3800 ~ 4020 m。在日本海沟和千里岛海沟向陆壁的5130米至5960米之间，观察和收集了零星但离散的生物斑块，其特征是另一种未描述的双壳类，属于calyptogena。利用“鹦鹉螺号”潜水器的船头相机在这些地区拍摄的每一系列海底照片，编制了半定量的照片清单。对蛤和其他特有伴生生物的零星但密集分布的观察结果与在俯冲带的原生水渗漏处可以存在由化学合成能源维持的群落的方案相吻合。这些是迄今为止被认为与化学合成过程有关的底栖生物群落的最深记录。
Twenty-seven dives of the submersible “Nautile” in the subduction zone around Japan conducted in the French-Japanese Project Kaiko proved that fairly luxuriant benthic communities dominated by deep-sea giant clams of the genusCalyptogena(family Vesicomyidae) were consistently present on the accretionary prism at abyssal depths.Benthic communities characterized by three hitherto undescribed bivalves of the genusCalyptogenawere found between depths of about 3800 and 4020 m at the mouth of Tenryu Canyon and at the top of basement swell of the Zenisu Ridge, both situated in the eastern Nankai subduction zone. Sporadic but discrete patches of organisms characterized by one more undescribed bivalve belonging to the genusCalyptogenawere observed and collected between depths of 5130 and 5960 m on the landward wall of the Japan and Kouriles Trenches.Photographic inventories were prepared semiquantitatively using each series of bottom photographs taken in these areas with bow cameras of the submersible “Nautile”.Observations on the sporadic but dense distribution of the clams and other characteristic associated organisms match well with the scheme that communities sustained by chemosynthetic energy sources can be present at connate water seepages in subduction zones. These are to date the deepest record of benthic communities supposedly associated with chemosynthetic processes.