Adolescent drug use: findings of national and local surveys.
Adolescent drug use: findings of national and local surveys.
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青少年吸毒：国家和地方调查的结果。
DOI：
10.1037//0022-006x.58.4.385
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发表时间：
1990
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Beauvais,F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Oetting,ER;Beauvais,F
青少年吸毒一直增加到1981年左右，但此后一直稳步下降。目前的数据显示，四年级和五年级的吸毒人数有所增加，从六年级到九年级的吸毒人数大幅增加。大麻、可卡因和兴奋剂等毒品的终生患病率在高中阶段继续上升；对于吸入剂和海洛因等药物，10年级、11年级和12年级的终生患病率可能会下降，这表明早期使用这些药物的学生可能会辍学。农村青少年吸毒情况与其他地区青少年相似。Barrio， ghetto和native american reservation的年轻人可能有很高的使用率，但是黑人和西班牙裔老年人的使用率可能等于或低于白人老年人。然而，国家数据和广泛定义的种族数据可能掩盖了重要的亚组差异。例如，西部墨西哥裔美国女孩的使用率低于西部西班牙裔美国女孩，可能是因为“marianisma”的影响更大。不同的地区也可能有非常不同的青少年吸毒模式，需要不同类型的地方干预。
Adolescent drug use increased until about 1981, but since then it has steadily declined. Current data show some drug use in the 4th and 5th grades and considerable increases from the 6th to the 9th grades. For drugs such as marijuana, cocaine, and stimulants, lifetime prevalence continues to increase through high school; for drugs such as inhalants and heroin, lifetime prevalence may decline for Grades 10, 11, and 12, suggesting that students who use these drugs early may drop out. Drug use of rural youth is similar to that of other youth. Barrio, ghetto, and Native-American reservation youth may have high rates of use, but use of Black and Hispanic seniors may be equivalent to or less than that of White seniors. National data and broadly defined ethnic data, however, may cover up important subgroup differences. For example, Western Mexican-American girls have lower use than Western Spanish-American girls, possibly because of the greater influence of “marianisma.” Different locations may also have very different patterns of adolescent drug use, calling for different types of local intervention.