Conformation of hind legs and lameness in Danish Holstein heifers
Conformation of hind legs and lameness in Danish Holstein heifers
复制标题
DOI：
10.3168/jds.2006-457
复制
发表时间：
2008-05-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Enevoldsen, C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Capion, N.;Thamsborg, S. M.;Enevoldsen, C.
跛行对奶牛群造成重大经济损失和福利问题。在大多数跛行病例中，预防足部病变就足够了。这项纵向研究的目的是描述动态和异常的后腿构象，不对称的爪子，跛行和足部病变之间的联系，在122丹麦荷斯坦小母牛平均41天，从第一次产犊，直到干或淘汰。牛被安置在有小隔间的自由畜栏系统或深床稻草院子里。所有牛的爪子都被检查了多达5次。使用混合模型对足部病变、跛行、爪子对称、趾背壁形状和后腿形态之间的关联进行统计检验。很大比例（81%）的小牛在产犊前具有牛的跗关节形态，即站姿宽，跗关节并拢，足侧旋转，25%的小牛在产犊前的运动得分在2分以上，表明有跛行迹象。我们的结果表明，跛行，畸形构象，和病变获得产犊前持续整个第一次哺乳。更瘦的奶牛更容易患牛关节病，而患牛关节病的奶牛脚底出血的频率更高。白线病变严重程度的增加与更大的爪不对称有关。更严重的跛行和鞋底出血发现在对称的爪子。
Lameness causes major financial losses and welfare problems in dairy herds. Prevention of foot lesions may suffice in the majority of lameness cases. The objectives of this longitudinal study were to describe the dynamics and associations between abnormal hind leg conformation, asymmetric claws, lameness, and foot lesions in 122 Danish Holstein heifers from an average of 41 d before first calving until dry off or culling. The cattle were housed either in a free-stall system with cubicles or in deep-bedded straw yard. The claws of all cattle were examined on up to 5 occasions. The associations between foot lesions, lameness, symmetry of the claws, shape of the dorsal toe-wall, and the conformation of the hind legs were examined statistically using mixed models. A large proportion (81%) of the heifers had cow-hocked conformation, with wide-based stance, hocks together, and lateral rotation of the foot before calving, and 25% of the heifers had locomotion scores above 2, indicating signs of lameness, before calving. Our results indicate that lameness, abnormal conformation, and lesions acquired precalving persist throughout the first lactation. Thinner cows were more cow-hocked, and cow-hocked cows had a higher frequency of sole hemorrhages. Increased severity of white line lesion was associated with greater claw asymmetry. More severe lameness and sole hemorrhages were found in symmetric claws.