Temperature-Dependent Color Change in Kenyan Chameleons
Temperature-Dependent Color Change in Kenyan Chameleons
复制标题
DOI：
10.1086/physzool.66.2.30163690
复制
发表时间：
1993-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
B. Walton;A. F. Bennett
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
B. Walton;A. F. Bennett
测量了三种肯尼亚变色龙（Chamaeleo dilepis、Chamaeleo jacksonii 和 Chamaeleo ellioti）在不同体温下的皮肤反射率。通过平均在 290 至 2,600 nm 处测量的反射率计算得出，在 35°C 下，C. dilepis（20°C 为 31%，35°C 为 46%）和 Jacksonii（20°C 为 7%，35°C 为 11%）的总反射率显着高于 20°C。所有波长的反射率随温度的变化并不相同。显着的变化主要局限于可见光和近红外光谱区域（600-1,000 nm）。 Chamaeleo ellioti 没有表现出总反射率随温度的显着变化。使用能量平衡方程和代表一年中每个月的长期平均值的气候数据来评估 C. dilepis 和 C. jacksonii 中温度依赖性颜色变化改变平衡体温和辐射热增益速率的可能性。观察到的反射率变化导致 C. dilepis 的估计平衡体温变化为 0.7°C，C. jacksonii 的估计平衡体温变化为 0.2°C（全年平均值）。预计深色变色龙比浅色变色龙加热得更快。早上在变色龙身上晒太阳时经常观察到的深色可能有助于缩短晒太阳时间，从而减少在次优性能温度下花费的时间。
Skin reflectance at different body temperatures was measured in three species of Kenyan chameleons (Chamaeleo dilepis, Chamaeleo jacksonii, and Chamaeleo ellioti). Total reflectance, calculated by averaging reflectances measured at 290 through 2,600 nm, was significantly greater at 35°C than at 20°C in C. dilepis (31% at 20°C to 46% at 35°C) and in C. jacksonii (7% at 20°C to 11% at 35°C). Reflectance changes with temperature were not the same at all wavelengths. Significant change was largely confined to visible and near-infrared spectral regions (600-1,000 nm). Chamaeleo ellioti did not show a significant change in total reflectance with temperature. Energy balance equations and climatic data representing long-term averages for each month of the year were used to assess the potential for alteration of equilibrium body temperature and rate of radiant heat gain by temperature-dependent color change in C. dilepis and C. jacksonii. The observed changes in reflectance produced changes in estimated equilibrium body temperature of 0.7°C in C. dilepis and 0.2°C in C. jacksonii, as averaged over the entire year. Dark chameleons are predicted to heat more rapidly than light chameleons. The dark coloration observed frequently during morning basking in chameleons may serve to reduce the basking period and, hence, reduce time spent at suboptimal performance temperatures.