Watershed studies at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest: Building on a long legacy of research with new approaches and sources of data
Watershed studies at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest: Building on a long legacy of research with new approaches and sources of data
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DOI：
10.1002/hyp.14016
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发表时间：
2021-01-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Rosi, Emma J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Campbell, John L.;Rustad, Lindsey E.;Rosi, Emma J.
哈伯德布鲁克实验森林（Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest，HBEF）是由美国农业部林务局于1955年建立的，出于对伐木增加洪水和侵蚀影响的担忧。为了解决这一问题，在HBEF范围内，在指定用于收获实验的小流域启动了水文和微气象监测。哈伯德溪生态系统研究（HBES）起源于1963年，其想法是使用小流域方法来研究元素通量和循环以及森林生态系统对干扰的反应，例如森林管理措施和空气污染。HBEF记录了酸雨的早期证据，科学家在现场的研究有助于制定酸雨缓解政策。在HBEF的新的调查线建立在流域研究的长期遗产，导致从比较输入和输出，量化池和通量的流域内的生态系统过程的一个更机械的理解转变。例如，水文土壤学研究揭示了水文流动路径与土壤发育之间的联系，为管理森林和了解溪流水质提供了宝贵的视角。新的高频原位流化学传感器提供了关于极端事件和昼夜模式的见解，这是传统的每周采样无法辨别的。此外，正在开发各种工具，供广大受众探索和发现视觉和听觉数据。鉴于正在发生的前所未有的环境变化，来自HBEF小流域的数据现在比以往任何时候都更加相关，并将继续作为合理环境决策的基础。
The Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest (HBEF) was established in 1955 by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service out of concerns about the effects of logging increasing flooding and erosion. To address this issue, within the HBEF hydrological and micrometeorological monitoring was initiated in small watersheds designated for harvesting experiments. The Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES) originated in 1963, with the idea of using the small watershed approach to study element fluxes and cycling and the response of forest ecosystems to disturbances, such as forest management practices and air pollution. Early evidence of acid rain was documented at the HBEF and research by scientists at the site helped shape acid rain mitigation policies. New lines of investigation at the HBEF have built on the long legacy of watershed research resulting in a shift from comparing inputs and outputs and quantifying pools and fluxes to a more mechanistic understanding of ecosystem processes within watersheds. For example, hydropedological studies have shed light on linkages between hydrologic flow paths and soil development that provide valuable perspective for managing forests and understanding stream water quality. New high frequency in situ stream chemistry sensors are providing insights about extreme events and diurnal patterns that were indiscernible with traditional weekly sampling. Additionally, tools are being developed for visual and auditory data exploration and discovery by a broad audience. Given the unprecedented environmental change that is occurring, data from the small watersheds at the HBEF are more relevant now than ever and will continue to serve as a basis for sound environmental decision-making.