Scaled-Up Ocean Injection of CO2–Hydrate Composite Particles†
Scaled-Up Ocean Injection of CO2–Hydrate Composite Particles†
复制标题
扩大海洋注入二氧化碳-水合物复合颗粒†
DOI：
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发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Summers
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Tsouris;Phillip Szymcek;Patricia Taboada;S. McCallum;P. Brewer;E. Peltzer;P. Walz;E. Adams;A. Chow;W. K. Johnson;J. Summers
为生产用于海洋封存的CO 2 水合物而开发的中试规模三相连续喷射水合物反应器已在实验室和海上进行了测试。实验室测试使用72升压力容器；现场实验是在距加利福尼亚州蒙特雷海岸 1200 至 2000 米的深度使用遥控潜水器进行的。在这两种情况下都实现了固结沉降CO 2 水合物复合糊剂的快速生产。通过安装在车辆上的高清电视摄像机和 675 kHz 扫描声纳监测挤出的水合物的垂直和横向运动，以及注入操作期间的溶解速率以及相关的温度和 pH 值变化。据观察，水合物复合物结构中吸留的未转化液态CO 2 球体通过提供加速溶解的位点，很大程度上决定了海洋中水合物复合物的行为，从而影响CO 2 水合物颗粒的方向、形状、寿命和下沉速率。模型计算预测，由于羽流动力学和 CO 2 溶解到周围海水中引起的密度增加，这些颗粒的大规模释放（以约 100 kg/s 的 CO 2 注入速率）应显示出低于其释放点近 1000 m 的下降深度。
A pilot-scale, three-phase continuous-jet hydrate reactor, developed to produce CO 2 hydrate for ocean sequestration, was tested both in the laboratory and at sea. A 72-L pressure vessel was used for laboratory tests; field experiments were performed with a remotely operated vehicle at depths between 1200 and 2000 m off the coast of Monterey, CA. Rapid production of a consolidated sinking CO 2 -hydrate composite paste was achieved in both settings. The vertical and lateral movement of the extruded hydrate was monitored by the high-definition television camera mounted on the vehicle and with a 675-kHz scanning sonar, along with dissolution rates and associated temperature and pH changes during the injection operations. It was observed that globules of unconverted liquid CO 2 occluded in the structure of the hydrate composite largely determine the hydrate composite behavior in the ocean by providing sites for accelerated dissolution, thereby affecting the CO 2 -hydrate particle orientation, shape, lifetime, and sinking rate. Model calculations predict that large-scale releases of these particles (at a CO 2 injection rate of ∼100 kg/s) should show a descent depth of nearly 1000 m below their release point, as a result of plume dynamics and the increase in density caused by the CO 2 dissolution into the surrounding ocean water.