ALCOHOL-ABUSE SCREENING INSTRUMENTS - NORMATIVE TEST DATA COLLECTED FROM A FIRST DWI OFFENDER SCREENING-PROGRAM
ALCOHOL-ABUSE SCREENING INSTRUMENTS - NORMATIVE TEST DATA COLLECTED FROM A FIRST DWI OFFENDER SCREENING-PROGRAM
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DOI：
10.15288/jsa.1995.56.51
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发表时间：
1995-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
SIMPSON, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
LAPHAM, SC;SKIPPER, BJ;SIMPSON, G
目的：全国范围内的受损驾驶（DWI）筛查项目使用各种工具来评估酒精或毒品相关问题的罪犯。本研究提供了DWI筛查项目管理的五种标准化工具的规范性数据：MMPI的MAC量表、酒精使用量表（AUI）、密歇根酒精中毒筛查测试（MAST）、药物滥用筛查测试（DAST）和斯金纳创伤量表（STS）。方法：研究对象为2，317名首次DWI罪犯，他们在1989-91年完成了筛查评估。样本包括24%的女性;种族分布为46%的西班牙裔，43%的非西班牙裔白色，8%的美洲原住民和3%的其他种族。开发了一个统计模型，以确定各种工具的分数与年龄、性别、种族、教育、血液酒精浓度（BAC）和MMPI-2（L和K量表分数）的有效性测量之间的关联。结果：有种族和性别的特定客户群体之间的测试成绩有显着差异。在MAST、AUI的D1和D2量表、MAC和STS方面，男性的测试分数明显高于女性。仪器之间的相关性普遍较低，得分高于仪器临界点的人的百分比差异显着。MAST发现酗酒者的比例最高。MMPI个人资料效度是与考试成绩相关的最重要的自变量。得分在有效范围内的人在每个工具上的平均得分都较高。结论：DWI评估中使用的工具的选择可以极大地影响被评估为有酒精相关问题的罪犯的百分比。
Objective: A variety of instruments are used by Driving While Impaired (DWI) screening programs nationwide to assess offenders for alcohol- or drug-related problems. This study presents normative data from five standardized instruments administered by a DWI screening program: the MAC scale of the MMPI, the Alcohol Use Inventory (AUI), the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST), the Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST) and the Skinner's Trauma Scale (STS). Method: The population under study were 2,317 first DWI offenders who completed screening evaluations in 1989-91. The sample included 24% women; the racial distribution was 46% Hispanic, 43% non-Hispanic white, 8% Native American and 3% other races. A statistical model was developed to determine associations among scores on the various instruments and age, gender, ethnicity, education, blood alcohol concentration (BAC) and validity measures on the MMPI-2 (L and K scale scores). Results: There were significant differences in test scores among the ethnic- and gender-specific client groups. Test scores were significantly higher among men than women for the MAST, the D1 and D2 scales of the AUI, the MAC, and the STS. Correlations among the instruments were generally low, and the percentage of persons who scored above instrument cut-points varied significantly. The MAST identified the highest percentage of persons as alcoholic. MMPI profile validity was the most significant independent variable associated with test scores. Persons with scores in the valid range had higher mean scores on each of the instruments. Conclusions: The choice of instruments used in the DWI assessment can greatly influence the percentage of offenders assessed as having alcohol-related problems.