ω-3 Fatty Acid Intakes Are Inversely Related to Elevated Depressive Symptoms among United States Women
ω-3 Fatty Acid Intakes Are Inversely Related to Elevated Depressive Symptoms among United States Women
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DOI：
10.3945/jn.113.179119
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发表时间：
2013-11-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Zonderman, Alan B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Beydoun, May A.;Kuczmarski, Marie T. Fanelli;Zonderman, Alan B.
抑郁症状与n-3（w-3）脂肪酸呈负相关的证据在美国成年人中越来越多。我们通过在马里兰州巴尔的摩市（2004-2009年）的1746名成年人（年龄30-65岁）中进行横断面研究，评估自我报告的抑郁症状是否与n-3脂肪酸摄入量呈负相关。使用20项流行病学中心抑郁量表（CES-D），CES-D评分>= 16提示抑郁症状（EDS）升高。通过使用两次24小时饮食回忆的平均值，估计n-3高度不饱和脂肪酸（HUFA;碳），n-3多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA; >= 18碳）和n-6（ω 6）脂肪酸的合理比例。男性的EDS患病率为18.1%，女性为25.6%。在女性中，n-3 PUFA的最高三分位数（三分位数3）（与三分位数1相比）与EDS的几率降低49%相关，具有显著的性别差异。在女性中，n-3 PUFA：n-6：PUFA比值与EDS呈负相关（三分位数2与三分位数1，OR：0.74; 95% CI：0.41，1.32;三分位数3与三分位数1，OR：0.47; 95% CI：0.27，0.83）。在妇女中，n-3 HUFA：n-6 HUFA也有类似的模式。对于CES-D分量表，n-3 PUFA（占能量的1%）与躯体主诉呈负相关，而积极情感与n-3 HUFA（占能量的%;总人口和女性）、n-3 HUFA：n-6 HUFA（女性）和n-3 HUFA：n-6 PUFA（总人口和女性）直接相关。总之，在美国女性中，n-3脂肪酸的摄入量较高[绝对（n-3）和相对于n-6脂肪酸（n-3：n-6））与抑郁症状升高的风险较低相关，特别是在躯体主诉（主要是n-3 PUFA）和积极情感（主要是n-3 HUFA）领域。
Evidence that depressive symptoms are inversely related to n-3 (w-3) fatty acids is growing among United States adults. We assessed whether self-reported depressive symptoms were inversely associated with n-3 fatty acid intakes by using a cross-sectional study in 1746 adults (aged 30-65 y) in Baltimore City, MD (2004-2009). The 20-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D) was used, with a CES-D score >= 16 suggestive of elevated depressive symptoms (EDS). By using the mean of two 24-h dietary recalls, n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFAs; carbons), n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs; >= 18 carbons), and plausible ratios with n-6 (omega 6) fatty acids were estimated. EDS prevalence was 18.1% among men and 25.6% among women. In women, the uppermost tertile (tertile 3) of n-3 PUFAs (compared with tertile 1) was associated with reduced odds of EDS by 49%, with a substantial sex differential. The n-3 PUFA:n-6:PUFA ratio was inversely related to EDS among women (tertile 2 vs. tertile 1, OR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.41, 1.32; tertile 3 vs. tertile 1, OR: 0.47; 95% Cl: 0.27, 0.83). A similar pattern was noted for n-3 HUFA:n-6 HUFA among women. For CES-D subscales, n-3 PUFA 1% of energy) was inversely related to somatic complaints, whereas positive affect was directly related to n-3 HUFA (% of energy; total population and among women), n-3 HUFA:n-6 HUFA (women), and n-3 HUFA:n-6 PUFA (total population and among women). In sum, among United States women, higher intakes of n-3 fatty acids [absolute (n-3) and relative to n-6 fatty acids (n-3:n-6)) were associated with lower risk of elevated depressive symptoms, specifically in domains of somatic complaints (mainly n-3 PUFAs) and positive affect (mainly n-3 HUFAs).