Effects of spatial and temporal context on color categories and color constancy
Effects of spatial and temporal context on color categories and color constancy
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DOI：
10.1167/7.4.2
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发表时间：
2007-01-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Gegenfurtner, Karl R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hansen, Thorsten;Walter, Sebastian;Gegenfurtner, Karl R.
颜色恒常性是指不受光照变化的影响而赋予物体恒定颜色的能力。颜色的稳定性是通过考虑上下文信息来实现的。以前使用匹配范式来量化颜色恒定的方法发现恒定度在20%到80%之间。在此，我们研究了不同环境光照和不同色块尺寸条件下颜色命名任务的颜色恒常性。观察者为每种照明条件划分了400多个斑块。这使得人们可以克服颜色命名的固有局限性，研究光照变化下颜色类别的变化。当具有完整上下文照明的小中心测试块被分类时，观察者几乎完全跟随照明移动，显示出高度的稳定性（99%）。减少可用的上下文信息或增加补丁大小可将恒定度降低到约50%。中等程度的恒定（66%）发生，即使测试斑块从未同时观察，但只是在与照明的时间交替。在中性照明下，颜色类别之间的界限在观察者内部和观察者之间基本稳定。在光照变化的情况下，颜色类别边界有微小但系统的变化。颜色类别边界倾向于从照明颜色旋转。这种变化是最大的，在完整的环境条件下，获得最高程度的颜色恒定。
Color constancy is the ability to assign a constant color to an object independent of changes in illumination. Color constancy is achieved by taking context information into account. Previous approaches that have used matching paradigms to quantify color constancy found degrees of constancy between 20% and 80%. Here, we studied color constancy in a color-naming task under different conditions of surround illumination and patch size. Observers categorized more than 400 patches for each illumination condition. This allows one to overcome inherent limitations in color naming and to study the changes in color categories under illumination changes. When small central test patches with a full context illumination were categorized, observers followed the illumination shift almost completely, showing a high degree of constancy (99%). Reducing the available context information or increasing the patch size decreased the degree of constancy to about 50%. Moderate degrees of constancy (66%) occurred even when the test patches were never viewed simultaneously but only in temporal alternation with the illumination. Boundaries between color categories were largely stable within and across observers under neutral illumination. Under changing illumination, there were small but systematic variations in the color category boundaries. Color category boundaries tended to rotate away from the illumination color. This variation was largest under full context conditions where highest degrees of color constancy were obtained.