Bullying victimization uniquely contributes to adjustment problems in young children: A nationally representative cohort study
Bullying victimization uniquely contributes to adjustment problems in young children: A nationally representative cohort study
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DOI：
10.1542/peds.2005-2388
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发表时间：
2006-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8
通讯作者：
Moffitt, TE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Arseneault, L;Walsh, E;Moffitt, TE
OBJECTIVE.已有研究表明，欺负受害与行为和学校适应问题有关，但在考虑到先前存在的适应问题后，欺负的经历是否对这些问题有独特的影响仍不清楚。我们在环境风险研究中研究了欺凌行为，这是一项具有全国代表性的1994 - 1995年出生的2232名儿童的队列研究。我们将5至7岁之间经历欺凌的儿童确定为纯粹的受害者或欺凌/受害者。在儿童5岁时和7岁时分别从母亲和教师那里收集儿童行为问题和学校适应的报告。与对照组儿童相比，纯受害者在5岁和7岁时在学校表现出更多的内化问题和不快乐。与对照组相比，单纯的受害者女孩也表现出更多的外化问题。与对照组和单纯受害者相比，欺负/受害者在5岁和7岁时表现出更多的内化问题，更多的外化问题，更少的亲社会行为。与7岁时的对照组儿童相比，他们在学校也不那么快乐。纯粹的受害者和欺负/受害者在7岁时表现出更多的行为和学校适应问题，即使在5岁时控制了先前存在的适应问题。在上学的头几年里成为欺凌弱小者的受害者会导致幼儿适应不良。旨在减少儿童期心理健康问题的预防和干预计划应将欺凌作为一个重要的风险因素。
OBJECTIVE. It has been shown that bullying victimization is associated with behavior and school adjustment problems, but it remains unclear whether the experience of bullying uniquely contributes to those problems after taking into account preexisting adjustment problems.METHODS. We examined bullying in the Environmental Risk Study, a nationally representative 1994 - 1995 birth cohort of 2232 children. We identified children who experienced bullying between the ages of 5 and 7 years either as pure victims or bully/victims. We collected reports from mothers and teachers about children's behavior problems and school adjustment when they were 5 years old and again when they were age 7.RESULTS. Compared with control children, pure victims showed more internalizing problems and unhappiness at school when they were 5 and 7 years. Girls who were pure victims also showed more externalizing problems than controls. Compared with controls and pure victims, bully/victims showed more internalizing problems, more externalizing problems, and fewer prosocial behaviors when they were 5 and 7 years. They also were less happy at school compared with control children at 7 years of age. Pure victims and bully/victims showed more behavior and school adjustment problems at 7 years of age, even after controlling for preexisting adjustment problems at 5 years of age.CONCLUSIONS. Being the victim of a bully during the first years of schooling contributes to maladjustment in young children. Prevention and intervention programs aimed at reducing mental health problems during childhood should target bullying as an important risk factor.