The generation of plankton patchiness by turbulent stirring
The generation of plankton patchiness by turbulent stirring
复制标题
DOI：
10.1038/35361
复制
发表时间：
1998-02-05
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Abraham, ER
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Abraham, ER
扩散过程常被用来表示生物系统中空间格局的形成(1)。在这里，我展示了浮游生态系统如何通过非扩散平流产生斑块。海洋表层浮游生物的分布可以通过沿船舶横断面获得的浓度谱来表征。这种光谱不可避免地在1至100公里的水平尺度上具有幂律形式（参考文献2）。浮游植物的分布与海洋表面温度等物理量的分布相似，在较短的长度尺度上变异性要小得多。相反，浮游动物的密度在短尺度上几乎和长尺度上一样多变(3)。这种形式的分布是在浮游植物和浮游动物种群耦合的湍流搅拌模型中产生的。浮游植物和浮游动物的特征空间格局是它们对湍流平流引起的环境变化响应的时间尺度的结果。
Diffusive processes are often used to represent the formation of spatial patterns in biological systems(1). Here I show how patchiness may be generated in planktonic ecosystems through non-diffusive advection. Plankton distributions in oceanic surface waters can be characterized by the spectra of concentrations obtained along ship transects. Such spectra are inevitably found to have a power-law form over horizontal scales ranging from 1 to 100 km (ref. 2). Phytoplankton have distributions similar to those of physical quantities such as sea surface temperature, with much less variability at shorter length scales. In contrast, zooplankton density may be almost as variable at short scales as long ones(3). Distributions of this form are generated in a model of the turbulent stirring of coupled phytoplankton and zooplankton populations, The characteristic spatial patterns of the phytoplankton and zooplankton are a consequence of the timescales of their response to changes in their environment caused by turbulent advection.