Reconfiguration of multistable 3D ferromagnetic mesostructures guided by energy landscape surveys
Reconfiguration of multistable 3D ferromagnetic mesostructures guided by energy landscape surveys
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DOI：
10.1016/j.eml.2021.101428
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发表时间：
2021-07-13
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Wang, Xueju
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Yi;Avis, Samuel J.;Wang, Xueju
三维(3D)介观结构可以可逆地改变其几何结构，因此其功能在广泛的应用中具有广阔的前景。尽管进行了大量的研究，但对这些结构中存在的高度非线性的多稳态缺乏基本的了解，这严重阻碍了能够实现快速、良好控制的形状变化的可重构系统的发展。在这里，我们利用可变形三维细观结构的系统能量景观分析来定制其多稳态和最小能量重构路径。我们使用离散壳模型和最小能量路径方法，通过改变基本的几何和材料参数，建立了可控数量的稳定状态及其能量高效重构路径的设计相图。同时，我们的实验表明，由不同几何形状的铁磁复合薄膜组装而成的三维介观结构可以使用便携式磁体以远程、按需的方式在其多稳态之间快速重构，并且在去除外部磁场后，每个稳态的构型都保持得很好。实验中观察到的稳定态和可重构路径的数目与计算预测非常一致。此外，我们还展示了广泛的应用，包括可重新配置的3D发光系统、远程控制粒子从多稳态结构中的释放，以及3D结构阵列，这些结构阵列可以根据磁笔的写入路径形成所需的图案。我们的结果代表着朝着合理设计和开发可重构结构的方向迈出了关键的一步，这些应用包括软机器人、多功能可展开设备等。(C)2021年爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
Three-dimensional (3D) mesostructures that can reversibly change their geometries and thereby their functionalities are promising for a wide range of applications. Despite intensive studies, the lack of fundamental understanding of the highly nonlinear multistable states existing in these structures has significantly hindered the development of reconfigurable systems that can realize rapid, well controlled shape changes. Herein we exploit systematic energy landscape analysis of deformable 3D mesostructures to tailor their multistable states and least energy reconfiguration paths. We employ a discrete shell model and minimum energy pathway methods to establish design phase diagrams for a controlled number of stable states and their energy-efficient reconfiguration paths by varying essential geometry and material parameters. Concurrently, our experiments show that 3D mesostructures assembled from ferromagnetic composite thin films of diverse geometries can be rapidly reconfigured among their multistable states in a remote, on-demand fashion by using a portable magnet, with the configuration of each stable state well maintained after the removal of the external magnetic field. The number of stable states and reconfigurable paths observed in experiments are in excellent agreement with computational predictions. In addition, we demonstrate a wide breadth of applications including reconfigurable 3D light emitting systems, remotely-controlled release of particles from a multistable structure, and 3D structure arrays that can form desired patterns following the written path of a magnetic "pen". Our results represent a critical step towards the rational design and development of reconfigurable structures for applications including soft robotics, multifunctional deployable devices, and many others. (C) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.