Unemotional traits predict early processing deficit for fearful expressions in young violent offenders: an investigation using continuous flash suppression
Unemotional traits predict early processing deficit for fearful expressions in young violent offenders: an investigation using continuous flash suppression
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DOI：
10.1017/s0033291714001287
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发表时间：
2014-06
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
A. Jusyte;S. Mayer;E. Künzel;M. Hautzinger;M. Schönenberg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Jusyte;S. Mayer;E. Künzel;M. Hautzinger;M. Schönenberg
背景研究证据表明，社会信息处理中涉及的认知和神经机制可能是与侵略和精神病出现有关的关键方面。尽管在该领域进行了广泛的研究，但尚不清楚这种赤字是否与一般注意问题有关还是影响信息处理的早期阶段。因此，目的是探索侵略性，精神病性状与年轻反社会暴力罪犯（Yavos）（Yavos）和健康控制（CTL）的早期加工缺陷之间的联系。一只眼睛中向方法参与者展示了迅速变化的蒙德里安般的图像，而中立或情感（快乐，愤怒，恐惧，恶心，惊讶，悲伤）的脸慢慢地引入了另一只眼睛。参与者指出了面部在屏幕上出现的位置，反映了他们意识到刺激的时间。通过减去中性面部情绪的平均反应时间来获得相对的处理优势。结果表明，具有较高感情特征的个体往往表现出对令人恐惧的面部表情的广泛的早期加工劣势。这种关系仅在Yavo中显而易见，而不是CTL样本。结论这些发现表明，即使是在处理的最基本水平，也存在反社会个体的情绪处理不足，并且与某些精神病性状密切相关。此外，这种早期的处理不足似乎对可怕的表情高度具体，这与有影响力的精神病模型做出的预测一致。讨论了结果的临床意义和潜在影响。
Background Research evidence suggests that cognitive and neural mechanisms involved in social information processing may underlie the key aspects associated with the emergence of aggression and psychopathy. Despite extensive research in this field, it is unclear whether this deficit relates to general attentional problems or affects early stages of information processing. Therefore, the aim was to explore the link between aggression, psychopathic traits, and the early processing deficits in young antisocial violent offenders (YAVOs) and healthy controls (CTLs). Method Participants were presented with rapidly changing Mondrian-like images in one eye, while a neutral or emotional (happy, angry, fearful, disgusted, surprised, sad) face was slowly introduced to the other eye. Participants indicated the location in which the face had appeared on the screen, reflecting the time when they became aware of the stimulus. The relative processing advantage was obtained by subtracting mean reaction times for emotional from neutral faces. Results The results indicated that individuals with higher levels of unemotional traits tended to exhibit an extensive early processing disadvantage for fearful facial expressions; this relationship was only evident in the YAVO as opposed to the CTL sample. Conclusions These findings indicate that an emotion processing deficit in antisocial individuals is present even at the most basic levels of processing and closely related to certain psychopathic traits. Furthermore, this early processing deficit appears to be highly specific to fearful expressions, which is consistent with predictions made by influential models of psychopathy. The clinical significance and potential implications of the results are discussed.