Carbohydrate intake and glycemic index affect substrate oxidation during a controlled weight cycle in healthy men
Carbohydrate intake and glycemic index affect substrate oxidation during a controlled weight cycle in healthy men
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DOI：
10.1038/ejcn.2014.132
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发表时间：
2014-09-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Bosy-Westphal, A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kahlhoefer, J.;Lagerpusch, M.;Bosy-Westphal, A.
背景/目的：由于饮食中的血糖指数（GI）和碳水化合物含量都会增加胰岛素水平，从而损害脂肪氧化，因此我们假设重新喂食低GI、中等碳水化合物饮食有助于维持体重。（n = 32，年龄26.0 ± 3.9岁; BMI 23.4 +/- 2.0 kg/m2），随后进行1周的控制性过度喂养、3周的热量限制和2周的高热量再喂养（+50%、-50%和+50%能量需求），GI低vs高（41 vs 74），CHO摄入量中等vs高（50% vs 65%能量）。我们在口服葡萄糖耐量试验中测量了空腹大量营养素氧化的适应性和抑制脂肪氧化的能力。结果：在过度喂养期间，参与者的体重增加了1.9 +/- 1.2 kg，随后体重减轻了6.3 +/- 0.6 kg，体重恢复了2.8 +/- 1.0 kg。与50%CHO饮食相比，65%CHO饮食的受试者体重增加更多（P < 0.05），特别是HGI饮食（P < 0.01）。与低GI饮食相比，高GI饮食导致基础脂肪氧化受损（P < 0.02），特别是在65% CHO摄入量时。餐后代谢灵活性不受50%CHO再喂养的影响，但明显受损65%CHO饮食（P < 0.05）。空腹脂肪氧化受损与脂肪量恢复（r = 0.43，P < 0.05）和体重恢复（r = 0.35; P = 0.051）相关。结论：高GI和高碳水化合物含量影响底物氧化，从而影响健康男性体重恢复。这些结果支持在减肥后维持体重的低血糖负荷饮食。
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Because both, glycemic index (GI) and carbohydrate content of the diet increase insulin levels and could thus impair fat oxidation, we hypothesized that refeeding a low GI, moderate-carbohydrate diet facilitates weight maintenance.SUBJECTS/METHODS: Healthy men (n = 32, age 26.0 +/- 3.9 years; BMI 23.4 +/- 2.0 kg/m(2)) followed 1 week of controlled overfeeding, 3 weeks of caloric restriction and 2 weeks of hypercaloric refeeding (+50, -50 and +50% energy requirement) with low vs high GI (41 vs 74) and moderate vs high CHO intake (50% vs 65% energy). We measured adaptation of fasting macronutrient oxidation and the capacity to supress fat oxidation during an oral glucose tolerance test. Changes in fat mass were measured by quantitative magnetic resonance.RESULTS: During overfeeding, participants gained 1.9 +/- 1.2 kg body weight, followed by a weight loss of 6.3 +/- 0.6 kg and weight regain of 2.8 +/- 1.0 kg. Subjects with 65% CHO gained more body weight compared with 50% CHO diet (P < 0.05) particularly with HGI meals (P < 0.01). Refeeding a high-GI diet led to an impaired basal fat oxidation when compared with a low-GI diet (P < 0.02), especially at 65% CHO intake. Postprandial metabolic flexibility was unaffected by refeeding at 50% CHO but clearly impaired by 65% CHO diet (P < 0.05). Impairment in fasting fat oxidation was associated with regain in fat mass (r = 0.43, P < 0.05) and body weight (r = 0.35; P = 0.051).CONCLUSIONS: Both higher GI and higher carbohydrate content affect substrate oxidation and thus the regain in body weight in healthy men. These results argue in favor of a lower glycemic load diet for weight maintenance after weight loss.