Effects of estrogen-induced hyperprolactinemia on endocrine and sexual functions in adult male rats.
Effects of estrogen-induced hyperprolactinemia on endocrine and sexual functions in adult male rats.
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雌激素诱导的高催乳素血症对成年雄性大鼠内分泌和性功能的影响。
DOI：
10.1159/000123968
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发表时间：
1984
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Hymer,WC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bartke,A;Doherty,PC;Steger,RW;Morgan,WW;Amador,AG;Herbert,DC;Siler-Khodr,TM;Smith,MS;Klemcke,HG;Hymer,WC
慢性雌激素治疗可导致泌乳素（PRL）分泌垂体瘤的发展。我们测试了己烯雌酚（DES）在成年雄性大鼠中产生持续性高泌乳素血症（hyperPRL）的能力，并研究了这种治疗对下丘脑-垂体-睾丸功能、腺垂体结构、交配行为和生育能力的影响。将含有约5 mg DES的硅橡胶胶囊皮下植入成年雄性CDP（F-344）/CrlBR大鼠，并在15或20周后取出。DES胶囊取出后，极高PRL以及血浆LH和FSH水平的抑制持续存在。相反，血浆睾酮水平在DES胶囊取出后迅速升高，并在4-6周内达到正常水平。在取出DES胶囊后7至14周期间，在两个场合评估了交配行为，发现DES治疗大鼠的交配行为受到抑制，表现为交配、插入和射精的次数显著增加。此外，当将动物与正常雌性动物放置在一起时，DES治疗组的受孕间隔显著大于对照组雄性动物。尽管在交配行为的这些差异，10 11 DES治疗的男性生育。在尸检时，胶囊植入后44周（即胶囊取出后24或29周），DES处理的大鼠垂体前叶显著增大，侧前列腺和肾上腺重量增加，睾丸hCG结合位点水平增加，正中隆起中多巴胺和去甲肾上腺素浓度降低，视前区LHRH浓度增加。DES治疗组和对照组大鼠在存在和不存在hCG的情况下，睾丸、腹侧前列腺和精囊的相对重量以及体外睾丸睾酮的产生没有差异。对另一组接受类似治疗的动物的腺垂体进行免疫细胞化学研究，发现实质细胞总数和乳房营养细胞的相对比例显著增加。我们的结论是，成年雄性CDF（F-344）大鼠长期暴露于DES导致持续的大规模乳腺增生，并在这些动物中产生的外周PRL水平的20- 100倍的升高几乎没有，如果有的话，抑制睾丸功能的影响，尽管外周LH水平急剧下降。
Chronic estrogen treatment can lead to development of prolactin (PRL) secreting pituitary tumors. We have tested the ability of diethylstilbestrol (DES) to produce persistent hyperprolactinemia (hyperPRL) in adult male rats and examined the effects of this treatment on hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular function, adenohypophyseal structure, copulatory behavior and fertility. Silastic capsules containing approximately 5 mg DES were subcutaneously implanted into adult male CDP (F-344)/CrlBR rats and removed 15 or 20 weeks later. Extreme hyperPRL, as well as suppression of plasma LH and FSH levels, persisted after DES capsules were removed. In contrast, plasma testosterone levels increased rapidly after removal of DES capsules and reached normal levels within 4–6 weeks. Copulatory behavior was assessed on two occasions between 7 and 14 weeks after removal of the DES capsules and was found to be suppressed in DES-treated rats, as evidenced by significant increases in latencies to mount, to intromit and to ejaculate. Moreover, when the animals were placed with normal females, the interval until conception was significantly greater in DES-treated than in control males. In spite of these differences in copulatory behavior, 10 of 11 DES-treated males were fertile. At autopsy, 44 weeks after capsule implantation (i.e. 24 or 29 weeks after capsule removal), DES-treated rats had marked enlargement of the anterior pituitary, increased weights of the lateral prostate and the adrenals, increased levels of testicular hCG-binding sites, reduced concentration of dopamine and norepinephrine in the median eminence and increased concentration of LHRHin the preoptic area. DES-treated and control rats did not differ with respect to relative weights of the testes, ventral prostate and seminal vesicles and testicular testosterone production in vitro in the presence and in the absence of hCG. Immunocytochemical studies oí the adenohypophysis in a separate group of similarly treated animals revealed marked increases in the total number of parenchymal cells and in the relative proportion of mammotrophs. We conclude that chronic exposure of adult male CDF (F-344) rats to DES resulted in persistent massive mammotroph hyperplasia and that the resulting 20- to 100-fold elevation of peripheral PRL levels in these animals had little, if any, suppressive effect on testicular function, in spite of the drastic reduction in peripheral LH levels.