POWER CALCULATIONS FOR MATCHED CASE CONTROL STUDIES
POWER CALCULATIONS FOR MATCHED CASE CONTROL STUDIES
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DOI：
10.2307/2531743
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发表时间：
1988-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
DUPONT, WD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DUPONT, WD
根据对照患者暴露的概率po、相关系数。vphi，从匹配的病例对照研究中推导出功率计算。对于匹配病例和对照患者之间的暴露，以及比值比。psi。对于病例和对照患者的暴露。对于给定的I型和II型误差概率。和度量。，则可以导出在给定样本量下可以检测到的比值比，以及检测特定比值比值所需的样本量。对于配对设计，给出了图表，显示了在。alpha.= 0.05，。beta.=.2以及po， .vphi的不同值时样本量与功率之间的关系。，还有……涉及M个匹配对照患者的设计所需的样本量可以通过一个简单的方程从这些图中推导出来。这些结果量化了与匹配病例和对照患者暴露状态之间相关性增加相关的权力丧失。当po值接近0或1时，样本量要求也大大增加。样本大小、。psi。, .vphi。，对Po进行了讨论并举例说明。
Power calculations are derived form matched case-control studies in terms of the probability po of exposure among the control patients, the correlation coefficient .vphi. for exposure between matched case and control patients, and the odds ratio .psi. for exposure in case and control patients. For given Type I and Type II error probabilities .alpha. and .beta., the odds ratio that can be detected with a given sample size is derived as well as the sample size needed to detect a specified value of the odds ratio. Graphs are presented for paired designs that show the relationship between sample size and power for .alpha.=.05, .beta.=.2, and different values of po, .vphi., and .psi.. The sample size needed for designs involving M matched control patients can be derived from these graphs by means of a simple equation. These results quantify the loss of power associated with increasing correlation between the exposure status of matched case and control patients. Sample size requirements are also greatly increased for values of po near 0 or 1. The relationship between sample size, .psi., .vphi., and po is discussed and illustrated by examples.