The interplay between vapour, liquid, and solid phases in laser powder bed fusion.
The interplay between vapour, liquid, and solid phases in laser powder bed fusion.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41467-022-30667-z
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发表时间：
2022-05-26
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
根据需求生产复杂，高性能金属零件的能力已经确立了激光粉末床融合（LPBF）作为一种有前途的增材制造技术，但更深入地了解激光-材料相互作用对于开发该工艺的潜力至关重要。通过同步同步辐射X射线和纹影成像，我们直接探测由激光形成的蒸汽射流和它在熔池中产生的凹陷的相互关联的流体动力学。组合成像显示在稳定的表面凹陷上形成稳定的羽流，在过渡到完整的锁眼后变得混乱。我们通过分析小孔和羽流形态来量化几个参数集的过程不稳定性，并确定了稳定线扫描所需的能量输入的先前未报告的阈值。探讨了粉末层的作用及其对工艺稳定性的影响。这些控制LPBF的流体力学的高速可视化使我们能够识别与不需要的孔隙相关的不利工艺动态，帮助设计更高功率和速度的工艺窗口，并为工艺稳定性的过程中监测提供可能性。激光-材料相互作用的复杂性对最大限度地减少增材制造金属部件中的缺陷提出了挑战。在这里，作者同时可视化物质的所有阶段，以扩大对相互作用的理解，并显示大气信息可以表征过程稳定性。
The capability of producing complex, high performance metal parts on demand has established laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) as a promising additive manufacturing technology, yet deeper understanding of the laser-material interaction is crucial to exploit the potential of the process. By simultaneous in-situ synchrotron x-ray and schlieren imaging, we probe directly the interconnected fluid dynamics of the vapour jet formed by the laser and the depression it produces in the melt pool. The combined imaging shows the formation of a stable plume over stable surface depressions, which becomes chaotic following transition to a full keyhole. We quantify process instability across several parameter sets by analysing keyhole and plume morphologies, and identify a previously unreported threshold of the energy input required for stable line scans. The effect of the powder layer and its impact on process stability is explored. These high-speed visualisations of the fluid mechanics governing LPBF enable us to identify unfavourable process dynamics associated with unwanted porosity, aiding the design of process windows at higher power and speed, and providing the potential for in-process monitoring of process stability. Complexities of laser-material interactions pose a challenge to minimize defects in additively manufactured metal parts. Here the authors visualize all phases of matter simultaneously to expand understanding of the interactions and show atmospheric information can characterize process stability.
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影响因子：
4.6
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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